How the Tatar-Mongol yoke changed the Russians

July 14 2018 24

The Mongol-Tatar yoke is traditionally regarded in Russia as a black line in the history of the country. But the Tatars were not only the conquerors of Russia. Tatar culture penetrated deeply into Russian, making us what we are. No wonder they say: "Scrape the Russian - you will find a Tatar."

Russia and the Golden Horde

When in the XNUMXth century the Mongol invaders invaded Russian lands, they became easy prey for them. It was a weak and fragmented country, where there was no central authority. The invaders founded their state in the neighborhood of Russia, which included the Volga region, the North Caucasus, Crimea and the Polovtsian steppes. The population was mainly Turkic. Soon, the official religion of this state became Islam.

Russian princes fell into vassal dependence on the Tatar khans. The horde decided who would be the prince in Russia. To do this, the applicant came to Saray-Batu, and later to Saray-Berk to get a label for reigning. Young princes remained hostage in the Horde. But they were not in the position of captives or slaves. They were treated with due respect, taught everything that the future ruler should know. Subsequently, the princes returned to Russia. Many of them became masters of their lands. They used the knowledge gained in the Horde about public administration and military affairs.

Often, Russian princes married relatives of the khan. Thus, most of the Russian aristocracy has Tatar roots.

Tatars and the rise of Moscow

The creation of a powerful Russian state with its capital in Moscow was largely due to the Mongol-Tatar yoke. Tatar rule brought Russia closer to the countries of the East and protected it from the claims of the European conquerors.

Moscow, which was previously only one of the cities of the strong Vladimir principality, gradually became the center of the united Russian lands. The Golden Horde allowed Moscow to rise, as it saw in the Moscow princes loyal vassals and allies against the growing Lithuanian principality. Then Lithuania, where the Slavs were princes, became a powerful center for the unification of Slavic lands not subject to the Horde.

The Golden Horde khans, condoning the rise of Moscow over all Russian lands, missed the moment when Russia got out of their control. The first independent Russian prince could be called Dmitry Donskoy, who declared his son the successor without asking permission in the Horde. The Battle of Kulikovo did not free the Russian lands from Tatar domination, but became the beginning of the strengthening of Russia and the weakening of the Golden Horde.

The great Tatar state fell into Kazan, Astrakhan, Crimean, Siberian, Kasimov khanates. Gradually, these lands became part of the Russian state, and the Tatars themselves became subjects of the Russian tsars.

What did the Russians adopt from the Tatars?

For a long time, the Russian nobility dressed in the Tatar fashion. By clothes it was difficult to distinguish the Russian nobleman from the Tatar Murza.

In military affairs, the Russians also adopted much from the Tatars. The Russian sword was replaced by a Tatar saber. Lighter weapons and armor, high maneuverability helped the Russians gain many victories over their European neighbors.

Finances, customs, postal service in Russia were organized according to the Horde model. Even the word "coachman" is of Tatar origin.

As for language borrowings, about two thousand words in Russian have Turkic roots. Among them, one can name money (dang is the Horde currency), bazaar, bondage, customs (tamga is a trade duty).

Even the Russian addiction to tea drinking was brought to our country by the Tatars.

Oddly enough, the Mongol-Tatar yoke was not a curse for Russia. Perhaps it was thanks to Tatar domination that Russia was able to subsequently become a great and powerful power, and the Russian nation could be formed in its present form.

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Vsevolod

0

14 July 2018 11: 28

Many inaccuracies, written carelessly.
Observer2014

0

14 July 2018 13: 36

How the Tatar-Mongol yoke changed the Russians

KAMAZ is now entrusted to do them now:
Siberian999

+2

14 July 2018 13: 43

What do you publish complete nonsense? Not otherwise hogweed smoked.
Warfloom

+2

14 July 2018 15: 54

Ah, and what would the stupid Russians do without the Tatars, and even the Mongols ... That's where civilization came from ... Maybe we even speak Tatar-Mongolian, but don’t know that? I wanted to hear the opinion of the author: where are the Tatars - the Mongols?
1. kishat mokshazarov
  
  -1
  
  15 July 2018 00: 24
  
  1. Tatars are a European concept, as Europeans called All Türkic peoples living next to the Russian principalities. Not one of them knew the Turkic peoples, therefore they were called by the same common word of the Tartars, separating them from the Mongols, while the Russian Bulgars themselves began to call themselves that in later centuries.
  2. Of which the Mongols were a minority simply dissolved in numerous Turkic peoples, peoples formed from the Mongols - Kalmyks, Buryats, the rest were dissolved in Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, Tatars, Bashkirs, Altai, Khakass, Tuvintsy, Yakut and others. The whole Horde spoke the Türkic language, Kipchak (Polovetsky) was adopted as a common language, all ranks and names were also Türkic, so most of the peoples formed after the collapse of the Horde speak different dialects of the same Kipchak language (Tatars, Bashkirs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Altai, Khakasy , Yakuts, Tuvans, Uyghurs, Turks, Turkmens, Azerbaijanis - the latter have Kipchak mixed with Iranian languages, you can also include Russians who speak Slavic-Kipchak), but there were people who refused to adopt a foreign language, these are direct fittin g Ogur - Ugra (Eel) dosihpor they speak distorted language of the Huns (Oguro-Iranian).
  3. The Türks lived in the territory of future Russia long before the arrival of Slavic-Scandinavian tribes on these lands. Even before BC, the ancient proto-Turks Ogurs (Oguzes), united with the Huns in the first wave of the Great Migration, went from the East (Siberia, the Urals, Altai, Baikal) to the West through the Caucasus, conquering the European nations on their way, they created the Hun Empire as a result of the Turkic-European unions there were a large number of Turkic and European peoples (Fino-Ugric (western), Bulgars (Tatars, Bulgarians), Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars, Baltics, Turks, Turkmens, Azerbaijanis, etc. And those Ogurs (in the East named. Oguz) and the Huns who did not go to the West while remaining in the East ali proractors of all eastern Turkic and Mongolian peoples.For example, the Kiyat clan to which Temujin belonged (the Tükk rank of Genghis Khan) originated from the Oguz (Ogur) tribes, therefore he always considered the Huns to be related peoples. The Yenisei Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz-Oguz) Oguz, as well as the Kurykans, and others (Ogur-Onogur, Ugra, Ugor, Uyghur, Kutugur, etc.)
  1. Basegprm
    
    +2
    
    15 July 2018 09: 54
    
    learn history from documents, not nationalistic resources)) in the 19th century, the spread of the division was not by nationality, but by religion, Tatars in documents designated all Mohammedans) (and today we can observe that modern Tatars are not an ethnic group by blood, these are rather mixed peoples adhering to the same tradition and language) Open the "History of the Tatars", which was written by Abulgachi-Bayadur-Khan, at the very beginning, there is written the history of the origin of Tartar and Mogul, from the son of Noah, who had 9 sons, each of whom gave started to the people, I did not remember all the names, but what did I remember: Turk, Tartarus, Mogul, Ross, etc., now the answer to the question can some parents have children of different races? This is the first, second, DNA genealogy, recognized as an exact science and does not belong to the category of fantasy, which you operate without delving into the history of the origin of these opuses (by the way, the "ancient" history of China, written by Jesuit monks in the 18-19 centuries, history The Germans wrote to Russia in the 19th century), so in the Russian ethnos there are no admixtures of Mongolian blood, this suggests that there was no contact between Russians and Mongols, from the word at all! Thirdly, with regard to Genghis Khan (Great Khan) Timujin, according to the book "History of the Tatars", as well as "Variety of Worlds" by Marco Polo, edited in 1907 in English, Genghis Khan is a blue-blooded prince from the most ancient ruling a kind of Moguls, who did not create the Empire, he restored it and put things in order, Great Tartary was formed approximately in the 5-6 centuries of the current chronology, before that it was called Scythia, and even before that Hyperborea! By the way, Achilles (ancient Greek God), a native of Hyperborea, who once a year traveled to his homeland (I wonder what?). fourthly, today's country Mongolia appeared at the beginning of the 20th century, before that it had never been there! But 300 years ago, the country of Great Moguls was indicated on the maps and it was located in the northern part of India (by the way, for reference, according to DNA genealogy) 200 million Brahmans live in India (the highest caste), by blood it is a kindred people to the Russians. and there are many other facts and artifacts, scattered and not connected into a single concept, but clearly speaking of a different past ... such as the northern peoples, or the peoples of Africa, or the same modern Mongols who lead an essentially nomadic lifestyle) at that time, several civilizations could exist and develop in parallel on the same territory and perhaps the histories of these civilizations have mixed up and now it is impossible to find a true understanding of the past ...
    1. kishat mokshazarov
      
      +1
      
      15 July 2018 13: 36
      
      It is pointless to talk with the Ukrainian and Russian nationalists, but I’ll try to Tatars today is an alliance of different peoples and ethnic groups, but the Bulgars made up the main backbone of the Tatars during the Horde. Bulgars as well as western Ugors, Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars are the result of the assimilation of the proto-Turks of the Ogurs of Europeans, mainly Iranians (Aryans). These peoples were formed during the rule of the Huns, and returned when the Huns broke up. For the gifted, I’ll explain the Huns, although they spoke the Türkic language and led a high-quality lifestyle, but they looked like Europeans because for many years they mixed with them, their writing was Aramaic, at the end their language was distorted and became Turkic-Iranian, Mokshi, Erzya dosihpor speaks a distorted Ogur-Iranian language.
      1. Primoos
        
        0
        
        16 July 2018 19: 01
        
        Of course I'm wildly shy, but let me not allow it. Carrying nonsense is easy and pleasant, I guess. And where are you from all this, you know written? Yana read a lot? Do you know that the Huns are nothing but the Yuns? Remember Puss in Boots? Where did the younger heirs go? Fuck they went! These youths were gathered in line and followed for the booty. And what else to do in a prolific country with a bunch of deprived of inheritance? And now these young people put cancer on the whole "enlightened" Europa, oops! This was approximately the case in ancient TARTARIA. She is MEGALION. She is the current RUSSIA! I also want to remind you of Prince Svyatoslav Igorivech. Remember this one? The Jews, some of them, are not ordered to remember him! So Svyatoslav Igorevich and his youths were already playing this Europa as they wanted.
  2. Primoos
    
    0
    
    16 July 2018 18: 48
    
    Does the name TARTARIA tell you anything? And MEGALION? And the roots of the words ORDER, ORDEN, ORDNUNG? Be careful, delve into the depths. You will discover amazing facts.
  3. Vladimir Selivanov_2
    
    +1
    
    9 November 2018 18: 44
    
    What is another pseudo-historian found? What is the territory of today's Russia? north of Rostov, there were never any Turkic Oguzes. The territories were simply empty. They were subsequently occupied by the Slavs who came there. Later, they were already under the pressure of nomads shifted to the sparsely populated north. All tales about the civilization of nomads are only inventions of nationalists of different stripes. I noticed that each of them first of all exalts the ethnic group to which it belongs. Therefore, for the Kyrgyz, of course, civilization went from the ancient Kyrgyz. For Turks, Tatars, Kazakhs and Uzbeks, this of course their nationality was ancient and developed neighbors and everything went from them. Endless tales for new uneducated generations. But as long as there are historical facts set forth in ancient writings, it is necessary to search for truth in them, and not in the inventions of prehistorics and crooks.
Basegprm

+2

15 July 2018 09: 15

Sheer nonsense, what kind of conquest, what kind of Mongol, where are the traces of this conquest, where are the traces of Mongol blood ?! The Mongols learned about Genghis Khan in the second half of the 20th century and the educated part of the Mongolian intelligentsia for a long time abandoned the fallen historical heritage, but the illiterate part quickly promoted this topic and now portraits of Genghis Khan (painted in the 19th century) in each yurt)) Described in In the official history, the campaigns of some Mongols do not stand up to any calculations and analysts, and are designed for perception at the level of "faith" from which it turns out that the whole history is fiction in the style of fantasy! The popularized version of fiction stories among the Mongoloid peoples of Asia and Russia is designed for mass illiteracy, a certain crowd of nomads is imposed on them, which has walked across the continent, and the empire itself seems to be a kind of union of nomadic peoples who lived in yurts and led the traditional lifestyle of a nomad! but historical facts speak of a highly developed empire in technical terms, the wealth of palaces and the high skill of construction, metallurgy, military affairs, weapons, jewelry, paper, etc., in general, everything that nomadic peoples do not have, and judging by the traditional way of life never had! But the so-called "Turkic community" of peoples caresses the ears of their great past, when on horseback they conquered the land about the sea, although they are not embarrassed that the concept of "Turkic peoples" arose no more than 100 years ago and the main criterion is language, moreover, the criteria the definitions are very approximate, but how can this embarrass a real Turk)) as the division of nations arose so 150-200 years ago, but is it really important for the carriers of the ideas of "Tatar-Mongol conquests"!
1. kishat mokshazarov
  
  +3
  
  15 July 2018 13: 56
  
  For stupid- Mongols: Kalmyks, Buryats. Partially: Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, Khakases, Altai, Tuvans, Yakuts, Bashkirs, Tatars, Uyghurs, etc. Since the Mongols in the Horde were a minority, they simply disappeared into the Turkic peoples. Now about the developed nomads, the Mongols were not developed people. All that they interacted with them among the Chinese, but the Ugors, Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, at that time were well-developed people, after all, the centuries of rule of Western Europe by the Huns were not in vain and they took over the craft and cattle breeding, as well as the Aramaic script, from the Europeans; over the many years of wars, they honed their skills in military strategy and tactics and the production of weapons. Therefore, the Slavs adopted everything precisely from the Bulgars and Ugor (which they called Tartars) and even mainly mixed with them, respectively, there is no question of any impurity of Mongolian blood, since the Bulgars and the Western Ugra are of European type.
  1. Vladimir Selivanov_2
    
    +1
    
    9 November 2018 18: 59
    
    Do not drive the blizzard, better study the structure in the Mongolian army. Who led and was in favor? No Tatars and others. The Mongols were everywhere in leadership, at the stage of great victories. And then they began to be noticed by other nationalities, got discord and lost touch with the center, and after that their power, thanks to this ingenious replacement. And now the peoples conquered by the Mongols are trying to try on all their achievements, belittling the first.
Andrey Alliluyev

+2

15 July 2018 10: 59

Another attempt to justify the Mongol invasion. In addition to the negative consequences, the Mongols did not bring anything to Russia. From the reduction of the population by millions and ending with the fact that now they point fingers at us from Europe that we are descendants of these savages. The people, who themselves did not have their own state, jumping on the steppes like grasshoppers, captured the fragmented Ruc and terrorized us for more than 250 years and poisoned us like dogs among themselves. This is the worst page in Russian history and we must forget about it than justify it.
1. kishat mokshazarov
  
  0
  
  15 July 2018 14: 10
  
  If it was as you say, you would not have been destroyed all for a long time, or forced to accept Islam, you would have lost your culture and heritage, would have spoken a foreign language and would have been called Tatars or Uzbeks or Kazakhs. But this was not done by anyone. The Russian Princes themselves entered into an alliance with the Türks and Mongols to enlist the support of powerful patrons and went to war brother to brother in the struggle for power and influence, and then to justify their terrible deeds, they began to rewrite history and blame other nations for everything supposedly it's All Tatars are to blame ...... And now you have the same thing to blame Jews, Americans, English, anyone but you, and also how many centuries ago you went brother to brother to enlist the support of the allies of Khokhly, the Poles, with support America, Germany, Russians with the support of China, and others, it will be so, and now you are again rewriting the history of only the 2nd World War.
  1. Vladimir Selivanov_2
    
    +1
    
    9 November 2018 19: 04
    
    3rd world. where did you teach history? What brochures do you judge from. Russians are to blame for everything. What kind of tribe will you be? Do you know the origin of at least seven generations of a kind? Maybe there was a Jew and a Russian noted more than once? Natsik you are stupid. There is not a single pure ethnic group on earth, otherwise it would have died out long ago.
Primoos

+2

15 July 2018 14: 35

Another verbose bullshit about the Mongols. Have you seen the Mongols? Do they need to conquer someone? He would manage with his cattle. There were no Mongols in Russia! Enough of brains for people to soar!
1. Kuzmitsky
  
  0
  
  15 July 2018 21: 30
  
  Now this storm has risen! And "there were no Mongols" - just killed on the spot. If anyone is interested in "diving" into the topic deeper, read something from Lev Gumilyov, for example, "Ancient Russia and the Great Steppe" or "Ancient Turks". You will learn a lot.
Boris Orlov

+1

16 July 2018 00: 44

11th century AD - Attila conquers Western Europe. Attila's banners depict an equilateral cross and a golden double-headed eagle. 12th century AD - Genghis Khan and Batu conquer Western Europe. The historical coat of arms of the Golden Horde is a golden double-headed eagle (only without three crowns). The Russian empire was created from the East, not from the West. What were the specific Russian princes engaged in during the period of feudal fragmentation in Russia (4-5 centuries)? They slaughtered each other in the struggle for power, mercilessly ravaging neighboring lands. When the Mongol-Tatars united them, they forbade them to fight with each other, told them: "You are now one country, one people." And after a few generations, the Russian people in Central Russia stopped considering their neighbors as enemies. The Catholic prayer ends with the word OMEN, the Orthodox prayer ends with the word AMEN, the Muslim prayer ends with the word EMEN. There is also the famous Indian Buddhist mantra OM-MAN. And then there is the Turkic word AMAN = have mercy, have mercy. And these are not the only traces of the Turkic origin of the Christian faith. And there was also a great medieval empire, which conquered, among other things, China (QIN dynasty = golden dynasty) and India (Great Mughals). It is interesting that approximately within the borders of the former Soviet Union there were five empires: - the first empire was with Attila (11-12 centuries AD), the second empire was with Genghis Khan (XNUMX-XNUMX centuries AD), the third empire was the Romanovs, the fourth empire is the Soviet Union and the fifth empire is the Russian Federation now. The Russian nation originated from the merger of three different nations - Slavs, Turks (including Tatars) and Finno-Ugric peoples. And for one and a half thousand years, people of different nationalities have lived on the territory of our great united country, as one people.
1. Primoos
  
  +1
  
  16 July 2018 14: 38
  
  I agree, there are many peoples in our territories. What are the Mongols with? I repeat, have you seen the Mongols? What do they have to do with the diverse gene pool of Russia? Their genes are not in our territory! And it wasn’t! Stop casting a shadow on the wattle fence. MEGALION, used to be called what is now called RUSSIA! And where are the Mongols? Megalion, it means huge, huge, and not Mongolian.
2. Vladimir Selivanov_2
  
  +1
  
  9 November 2018 19: 10
  
  Where have you seen these same Atilla banners with a cross and eagles? In which museum can you tell me? Do not write nonsense here, do not disgrace in front of the whole world. There was no and could not be any two-headed eagle and cross in the east at that time. And about the coat of arms of the horde, I generally laughed to colic. Where did such nonsense come from?
Warfloom

+2

16 July 2018 17: 03

It turns out like this: Super clever nomads, quite possibly even the Mongols, came to Mother Russia, as they took out the collection of speeches of Genghis Khan and how let's teach the Russian princes wisdom. And the princes were impressed and introduced in Russia mail, customs, coachmen, tags and so on and so forth. Peace and quiet came immediately. The delighted Mongol khans saw that the Russian princes had gotten smart and began to live according to the Mongol commandments, so they immediately gathered, sat down, I don't know what, in a "gazelle" for example, and went back to collect the cattle that had not been fed and scattered across the steppe over the centuries. Therefore, their genetic traces have not been found. And the Tatars remained, they had less cattle :))))) Or there was no "gazelle"))))
All of these declared institutions are inherent only to a developed and past certain historical development state. No Mongolian swineherds in their steppes could have reached this before. Due to the lack of need for these institutions. It’s easy to raid, rob, and enslave.
1. Kuzmitsky
  
  +2
  
  17 July 2018 16: 00
  
  Well, almost it is. Mongols - a conditional concept. Then it was just a union of tribes. Even among the highest Horde leadership there were not quite Mongols. For example, the great military leader of Batu Khan, Subudai-Bagatur was a Tuvan.
  The Horde had the brains not to nightmare Russia with constant raids, but to place the eldest among the Russian princes and milk quietly.
  And when the Russian princes became wiser and stronger, the khans had little joy, because then the Rus began to ignore the power of the Horde and eventually became free from Tatar exactions and raids.
Vladimir Selivanov_2

+1

9 November 2018 18: 29

Nonsense under the guise of storytelling. the meaning of words is far-fetched. In the same way, I can easily prove that the Tatar language itself came from Russian. And believe me, I’ll find not one but even a few words with similar roots. It’s so funny about weapons and tactics. As can be argued that thanks to the tactics and armament of the defeated enemy, the winner gained his new victories. The whole purpose of this article is to belittle the role of Russians in the greatness of their homeland. Statements will follow that this homeland belongs to non-Russians at all. All this dear Tatar nationalists will not pass. And the study of national languages in the regions will be voluntary.