New weapons on the way: What is known about the anti-satellite complex "Burevestnik"
We continue the meeting of the Circle of lovers of modern pseudoscientific fiction. Today I have sad news for all regular and non-standard enemies of Russia, who are sucked by the Western intelligence services, free of charge (because of their own cave hatred of Russia) or for a little bit (like another victim of Novichok, the unkillable terminator Leshenka Navalny), demonizing the image of Russia and its leader Vladimir Putin ...
Announce the entire list, please! List of Putin's "toys"
No sooner had they survived the uncovered Armata and rusty Calibers that darkened the last days of President Obama and caused his nightmares two years ago, when Putin, speaking on March 1, 2018 with the next Address to the Federal Assembly, threw them hypersonic missiles launched from the stratosphere. , and unmanned underwater vehicles with a nuclear power plant, plowing the vastness of the World Ocean at unprecedented depths at hitherto unseen speeds. No sooner had they ridiculed and questioned these achievements of the Russian military-industrial complex, as Putin disappointed them with new ones. To the already illuminated Calibers, Sarmatians, Vanguards, Daggers, Petrel, Peresvet and Poseidons, a year later, Zircon was added (sea, and in the future, land-based).
Our spiteful critics began to drag out their favorite song about "You are all lying!" and “You don’t have anything!”, simultaneously mocking the quality of SoyuzOboronMultfilm’s products, but from the doomed and woeful silence kept by the intelligence and military community in Langley and the Pentagon at that time, it became clear that their owners had business in the West bad - the Russians this time bypassed them in the development of their promising weapons for at least 20-30 years. How the CIA slapped it, the question is no longer for me.
Today I will add a couple more fly in the ointment to the barrel of their disappointment. In fact, everything turned out to be even worse than Putin promised in March 2018. The Russians, it turns out, are also transferring the arms race into space, into stationary orbits.
Petrel
For all the regulars of the Club of pseudoscientific fiction, who have already lost their voices, proving that this cannot be and “You’re lying!”, I will remind you what was hidden behind the “Petrel” product, among other “toys” by Putin presented to the general public in the person of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. And under this name (by the way, invented by the people), the Kh-101 strategic cruise missile was hidden (in the thermonuclear version, it is also called the Kh-102). The rocket, it seems, is not entirely new - the "partners" already knew about it. Combat use in conventional non-nuclear performance took place back in Syria, where it has proven itself well. The missile carriers Tu-160 (capable of carrying 12 missiles in 2 internal compartments) and Tu-95MS (8 missiles on external sling), known to our opponents since Soviet times, were routinely used as a carrier for it. And here, I must say (and this was precisely the feature of most of the "toys" presented by Putin), we did not create something fundamentally new, we just used the old Soviet weapon in a new capacity. The already existing X-101 cruise missile was simply inserted into a nuclear engine. Sewing a nuclear power plant into a rocket body with a length of 7,45 m and a diameter of 74 cm is not to bomb Hiroshima! But to sew up half the battle - it also had to be created! And this is already an achievement of the post-Soviet school of scientists, which opens up new endless opportunities not only for the military, but also for civilian ships and aircraft. There is really something to be proud of! The new product finally buries the entire US missile defense, since the capabilities of its power plant allow it, maneuvering indefinitely, both in front and in height, to bypass all existing and promising US missile defense systems. Do you remember? In fact, this is an air-launched cruise missile of unlimited range (KRND), for which our strategists Tu-160 and Tu-95MS are the carrier.
“Product 293”
But the whole point is that under this name another development of our military-industrial complex was hidden, which for the time being Putin did not talk about. We are talking about a top secret "product 293", which became known after the information about preliminary tests of a prototype of an anti-satellite missile ("product 293") was leaked into the public domain in a time limited to June 2021. This followed from an agreement on the creation of a bonded filler for solid fuel engines, concluded between the engine manufacturer NPO Iskra and the filler creator (the name is classified). Details on "ed. 293 "is not much, of the interest only the indices of propulsion systems: 14D812, 14D813, 14S47. Prototypes of engines should be manufactured by June 2021.
What else is known about the product? According to the report of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2015, the rocket complex uses a new generation of composite solid rocket fuel (SRT), and a contract for work on the selection of chlorine-free oxidizers for gas-generating compositions is also posted on the State Procurement website. Probably, the CPT formulation includes GNIV (HNIW or CL-20).
This product is an integral part of a new Russian complex being developed as part of the Burevestnik R&D project. At the moment, the earliest information about this program found in open sources refers to 2008 - a state contract was signed for the implementation of the Burevestnik R&D project. As you can see, this "Petrel" appeared parallel to the CRND (cruise missile of unlimited range) with the same name, but no one could have guessed that the people would call the CRND by the same name as the 14K168 air-launched anti-satellite missile system. We now have two Petrel, hence the confusion.
It is also known that the main task assigned to the developer (about which below) was “the creation of a system of anti-space defense (anti-space defense) based on the already existing scientific and technical groundwork and newly created land-based and air-based anti-missile defense systems for fire damage and functional suppression of low-orbit foreign military spacecraft ". At the exit, the Customer received the so-called. "Product 293", which is an air-launched solid-propellant rocket for space purposes. The developer is presumably JSC NPK KBM. As I have already said, the engines for a two-stage solid-propellant rocket with a solid-propellant rocket unit for additional detonation of an AES interceptor (artificial earth satellites) were commissioned to develop by NPO Iskra.
As an "already existing scientific and technical groundwork", the developer used the MiG-31 fighter-interceptors well-known to our enemies, which we already use as a carrier for another "toy" of Putin, called "Dagger". You see what it means to produce an aircraft ahead of time, this is the fastest and highest-altitude fighter-interceptor among our air forces (and not ours too!).
Dagger. The end of the last Lady of the seas
For those who have forgotten, I will remind you what the "Dagger" is. The Dagger is a flying horror for all enemy AUGs (Airborne Strike Groups), which buries aircraft carriers as an offensive weapon. One of the gifts of the GDP personally for the sailors of all the fleets of the US Navy. Hateful, hysterical, Iskander-M OTRK (operational-tactical missile system), the best of everything that Russian gunsmiths have already come up with, now in aviation performance, where all the advantages of the Iskander-M quasi-ballistic missile, in In particular, its maneuverability and speed of up to Mach 10 is complemented by the truly unique capabilities of the MiG-31 heavy supersonic fighter-interceptor, which was riveted in Soviet times by 519 pieces and did not know what to do with it when it stopped solving the tasks assigned to it. But there was no happiness, so misfortune helped, and the interceptor found a new application for itself in the new status of a missile carrier - a fighter of enemy ships! The MiG-31 is the highest and fastest fighter in service with the RF Armed Forces, with a speed of up to 3400 km / h and a range without refueling in the air with 2 PTB (outboard fuel tanks) up to 3000 km, it will now deliver our Iskander -M ", called" Dagger ", to the desired point in a matter of minutes, and then the rocket unfastens and flies, flies, flies ... The range of the“ Dagger ”is 2000 km, the speed is up to Mach 10 (hypersound, 10 times the speed of sound ).
For those who did not understand "Dagger" - this is the winged "Iskander". Airborne Iskander. Any goals! From small vessels to aircraft-carrying cruisers. The ship's missile defense against the "Dagger" is powerless. And the coastal too. Amen! But nothing new was invented! They just put the Iskander on the plane. And that's all - the end to the Lord of the Seas!
But not so long ago, the inhabitants of the Grad on the Hill, representatives of an exceptional nation, naively believed that their military doctrine of global domination, built on the use of 11 powerful AUG (aircraft carrier strike groups), which are practically invulnerable, since they are covered by a submarine under water, a missile defense system Aegis from heavy cruisers and destroyers of air escort (from air missile threat), apart from carrier-based aircraft, which multiplies everyone in the sky, allows them to speak with everyone through their lips. With everyone, but not with the Russians! The appearance of our Kinzhal hypersonic missile systems, capable of maneuvering along the course, develop a speed of Mach 10 in the final section of the trajectory, turns all their aircraft carriers, heavy missile cruisers of the Ticonderoga class, large landing ships and all other floating debris on which is stationed and travels the world by their Marine Corps, in fact to the mass graves of the crews along with the Marines stationed there. This is where the era of invulnerable aircraft carrier groups ends in the near future. Their use against a potential enemy will not only be meaningless, but also very dangerous.
Spain ceased to be an empire after the Spanish navy ceded control of the seas to the British. England remained "the ruler of the seas" exactly until the German submarines appeared. The course of history is inexorable. US Navy aircraft carrier strike groups suffer the same fate as the fate of the Spanish Armada, which was soon followed by the monstrous British dreadnoughts that replaced it, having already failed the exam given by German submarines ... History repeats itself. However, the lessons of history teach us only that they do not teach anything ... For the record: now the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are armed with 247 MiG-31s of various modifications. The product "Dagger" is already on alert in the troops of the Southern Military District.
Airborne anti-satellite missile system "Burevestnik"
The excursion in history is over, we return to our "Petrel". "Product 08" - missile carrier, modification of the MiG-31. About the differences "ed. 08 "very little is known from the progenitor. Obviously, there are changes in navigation and communication systems, as well as a new ejection installation for the rocket suspension. Probably, for relief, the aircraft dismantled systems that are not required to perform the function of a carrier, and it cannot perform the function of an interceptor.
My thema of the day - 14K168 Burevestnik ASAT-system (article # 914 at MilitaryRussia). Last photo with real missile (not mockup)https://t.co/vLeCPSLmk8 pic.twitter.com/IjA3sx72fl
- MilitaryRussia.Ru (@DnKornev) April 26, 2020
In Ramenskoye, in 2018-20, a complex of tests was already carried out with the MiG-31 carrier aircraft (ed. 08) to launch the prototype of the product 293 missile, which was documented (and by our enemies too). Preliminary tests of the prototype prototype of the rocket are planned to be carried out after 05.06.2021/293/XNUMX. After preliminary tests of the only prototype, it is planned to conduct State tests with three prototypes of the product XNUMX rocket.
The enemies were seriously alarmed. Leaks to the open access of analysts of Western intelligence services
According to Western data The space reviewSince December 2018, NPO Iskra has been working on a modification of the 293 rocket, probably with engines using new types of solid rocket propellants - the 328 rocket. The missile will presumably be mounted under the MiG-31 fuselage on a specific central external sling unit specially designed for this missile.
According to the same data, leaked to the public by Western intelligence services (namely, American ones), they are seriously concerned about the prospects for the future use of the "product 293". They share their fears that if the Petrel has already passed the tests in orbit, then it could only get there as a "companion" on a conventional ground-based rocket. However, in their opinion, this will change in the near future. Obviously, the satellites, the product 293 rocket and the MiG-31BM aircraft are part of the same project. Most likely, they assume, the air-launched rocket "293" will serve as a carrier rocket for the future satellites "Burevestnik".
Further I quote the original source:
“In Russian terminology, all of these components could be described as belonging to the same 'space complex' - a word used to refer to the combination of satellites, launch vehicle, and all ground infrastructure needed to support them. In some official documents, the Burevestnik is more specifically referred to as the “space security complex. A suitable term for the ASAT project (it was also applied in one document to a project called Kalina, a ground-based laser system designed to dazzle or dazzle satellite optical devices). The index of the space complex "Burevestnik" - 14K168.
The idea that “ed. 293 "is a satellite launch vehicle, confirmed by the fact that the index for one of its stages (14S47) is similar to the index of some booster stages of space launch vehicles. Moreover, plans to use the MiG-31 as a launch pad for satellites are not new. They were first put forward by the MiG design bureau in the late 1990s and culminated in a 2005 Russian-Kazakh proposal called Ishim to equip the aircraft with a three-stage solid-propellant rocket capable of launching 160-kilogram satellites into a 300-kilometer orbit with an inclination of 46 degrees. With a maximum speed of Mach 2,8 and a practical ceiling of over 20 kilometers, the MiG-31 is the ideal platform for such tasks.
Since the Burevestnik satellites are likely to weigh about 100 kg or less, the 293 rocket should be able to launch them into orbit from the MiG-31, although potential targets are likely to be limited to satellites in relatively low orbits, primarily reconnaissance . "
And the most important thing from the report of Western experts:
“The use of an air-launched missile instead of a ground-based launch vehicle offers a number of advantages for anti-satellite defense missions. At firstNot tied to a specific launch site, airborne rockets can use a much wider range of launch azimuths and therefore send satellites into a wide range of orbital inclinations. Secondly, they can be prepared for launch in no time (solid-propellant missiles such as the 293) and away from the prying eyes of reconnaissance satellites, giving the enemy little warning time. In contrast, Soyuz 2.1V, the lightest launch vehicle in Russia's current rocket fleet, is a liquid-fueled launch vehicle that requires 2 days of preparation for launch at one available site. In addition, Soyuz-2.1V (2,8 tonnes low-Earth orbit) will be much larger to launch a single Burevestnik satellite. Both the 293 missile and its apparent successor (328) could potentially also be used to launch other small military satellites in rapid-response missions - an opportunity that the US military has long sought without much success.
All this raises the question of why a dedicated infrastructure is being built for the Burevestnik at the Plesetsk cosmodrome. This infrastructure is designated in the procurement documentation as "Object 7511/4". As can be inferred from recent procurement documents, the new contract for construction work was only awarded by the Ministry of Defense in December 2019, which clearly shows that it is not yet completed. One possible explanation is that the flights of the Burevestnik using the MiG-31BM will be carried out from the Plesetsk airfield (known as the Pero) using the cosmodrome infrastructure for storing and preparing missiles and satellites. Another, much more distant prospect is that the "293" has a two-stage version with an air launch (consisting of stages 14D813 and 14S47), which can take off from many air bases, and a three-stage version with a ground launch (consisting of 14D812, 14D813, 14S47 ), which will be based in Plesetsk. However, there are no clear signs that a launch infrastructure for such a missile is being built in Plesetsk.
Another ground infrastructure of the Burevestnik, called Object 7511/3, is being built in the Pervomaisky area of the Tambov region, about 450 km southeast of Moscow. There is a military base (No. 14272), which is mainly used for long-term storage of missiles awaiting dispatch to the launch site.
The Burevestnik mission control center is likely located in close proximity to the headquarters of the Russian space surveillance network at Noginsk-9 (also known as Dubrovo), a small town about 60 km east of Moscow. Noginsk-9 also housed the Soviet-era joint orbital space mission control center. The Noginsk-9 facility, known as the 3006M Object, was under construction contracts with both Burevestnik and Nivelir. It will likely receive target designation data from a network of space surveillance radars and optical telescopes deployed throughout Russia. The equipment for autonomous satellite navigation, which, as you know, was developed for the "Burevestnik" satellites of the MKB "Compass", should also help to relatively quickly direct the satellites to their targets. Even with technology 1970-ies.
All construction work is a sign that Burevestnik is viewed not just as an experimental system, but as a system that Russia intends to put on hold. It's hard to say when this will happen. The Burevestnik project has been under way for almost a decade, but like many other Russian space projects, it is likely to have been hit hard by Western sanctions that have made it difficult to supply foreign-made electronic components to the Russian space industry. Despite policies Russia for "import substitution", even Russian military satellites with a high degree of secrecy are still very dependent on Western electronics. This is evidenced by one contract for the supply of electronic components for the Burevestnik satellites in 2016, which lists a total of 457 foreign electronic components against a total of 45 Russian-made components.
Nevertheless, it appears that one or more of the Burevestnik satellites have already been tested in space, and it is possible that several more such test flights (using the Soyuz-2.1B) are still ahead. As for the 293 rocket, the one that was visible in the photos in September 2018 was presumably a mock-up of it, but one of the previously cited contracts signed by the RKS MiG in August 2019 strongly suggests that the live version is being tested. inoperative at present. A CNBC article published in September 2018 cites "three sources with direct knowledge of the US intelligence report," which states that the MiG-31BM discovered shortly before is considered "a mock anti-satellite weapon that will be ready for operation (war) by 2022. "
As you can see, the enemies did not get alarmed from scratch. It is noteworthy that the last word "exploitation" in the English version sounds like "war". They are preparing for a war in space as early as 2022. Draw your conclusions, gentlemen!
One of the experimental MiG-31 aircraft carriers (board 82) of the 14K168 Burevestnik anti-satellite system with a special suspension unit for the 14A045 rocket at the Air Force Flight Research Institute in Ramenskoye (2019). Photo - Vyacheslav Grushnikov. pic.twitter.com/b8ZXSkP2lB
- Kirsanov Andrey (@AKVANAFFT) November 26, 2020
TTX product
Now let's get back to our data. According to them, the design of the missile is a two-stage ballistic missile with an injector unit and a maneuvering satellite interceptor. The first stage is equipped with folding aerodynamic rudders.
Control and guidance system: Probably, target designation to the anti-satellite complex is issued by the Central Command Post for Outer Space Control (KKP) according to data from radar and electro-optical means of the KKP. The general management of the complex is supposedly carried out by the command post of the complex.
The missile control system is presumably inertial with a flight path correction according to the data of ground-based anti-satellite weapons complex, as well as with correction according to the satellite navigation system data. AES-interceptor "Burevestnik-M" is a homing kinetic (with a conventional or nuclear warhead) maneuvering AES (artificial Earth satellite) with a combined control system that combines an inertial control system with the "Burevestnik-M-ASN" astrocorrection system developed by MKB "Compass" , possibly with correction according to the data of the closed radio correction channel from the ground complex of the anti-satellite system.
The launch of the carrier aircraft to the launch point is carried out, inter alia, according to the data of the satellite navigation system. The equipment of the satellite navigation system, presumably for the aircraft carrier of the system, was developed according to the MCh ROC "Burevestnik-M-ASN" MKB "Compass" under an agreement with FSUE TsNIIHM No. 879-G dated 01.01.2012. The satellite was developed by FSUE TsNIIHM under a contract dated 01.12.2015 .4 The interceptor satellite uses lithium-ion rechargeable batteries 20LI-XNUMX developed and manufactured by PJSC Saturn.
TTX rocket and complex:
Rocket length - 9,05 m
1st stage length - 3,5 m
2st stage length - 3,06 m
Case diameter - 1,02 m
Orbit altitude of intercepted satellites and objects - 100-500 km
The combat radius of the aircraft carrier is up to 1000 km.
Combat equipment: AES-interceptor for space targets "Burevestnik-M" / "Burevestnik-KA-M", probably of a kinetic type with a homing system and a conventional or nuclear warhead.
As you can see, our data overlaps with the western ones. We are ready for war.
Information