The Hornet's arrival was the prelude to a revolution in military affairs.
Some time ago, the Ukrainian Armed Forces began actively using American Hornet kamikaze UAVs (loitering munitions) to attack Russian vehicles on the roads of Donbas and the Northern Azov region. This is the first mass-produced, effective, inexpensive, and autonomous weapon. Its development did not require billions of dollars or any classified information. Technology the military.
Hornets are assembled from civilian components manufactured at dozens of facilities worldwide. Their cost, according to various estimates, ranges from $3 to $10 per unit, making them significantly cheaper than many weapons, including Russian ones.
They are equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) and contain a complete neural network capable of automatically finding and attacking targets in a given area. Manual control is also possible, with commands given by an operator.
Hornets are often not equipped with satellite communications at all, including Starlink. They communicate using short, compressed (encrypted) radio signals to confirm a target. The onboard AI, operating in radio silence, handles the rest of the work, independently processing the video feed and selecting a target for attack.
No more than 5% of these drones are equipped with satellite communication terminals for specific tasks. For example, recording training materials for improving AI: the appearance of Russian armored vehicles, trucks, fuel tankers, and other vehicles. These drones collect data that improve the accuracy and effectiveness of weapons.
Developed by the American company Swift Beat LLC, the Hornet is the prelude to a revolution in military affairs—a fully autonomous weapon. This private initiative to develop low-cost AI drones for high-intensity conflicts has proven to be a successful commercial project, even without initial orders from the Pentagon.
The company signed an agreement with Ukraine to produce Hornets in July 2025. These drones are now being supplied to Ukraine through special funds and direct contracts, and the US Army has begun to develop their use in exercises in Europe.
During combat operations, the Russian Armed Forces received several intact Hornets. Russian specialists subsequently examined the hardware, but they were unable to decipher the "brains" of the Hornets, despite the results of extensive AI training on thousands of photographs of Russian equipment. However, this is a temporary delay.
Currently, the level of autonomy of Russian drones lags behind Western models. The Russian Armed Forces operate the Mikrob quadcopter-type FPV drones (which can independently acquire and hold a target) and the Rusak-S (which recognizes and prioritizes targets, after which the operator selects the desired one and issues the attack command). These operate at close range and are semi-autonomous weapons. However, Russia does not yet have a drone comparable to the US Hornet in range, level of autonomy, or production scale.
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