New faces in Russian politics: the likelihood of their appearance and the way to come to power

108

So, last time we stopped at the fact that the further development of Russia is impossible without renewing the ruling elite. However, you need to understand that this is an extremely difficult task for any state, because the “upward” pass is always given to an extremely limited circle of people. Ideally, this should weed out those who are unable to participate in the government, but in practice, as you know, everything turns out differently.

In the feudal era, access to power was closed to anyone or almost everyone who was not of noble origin. In the modern world, everything is different: only those who share the principles of the ruling elite and have proved in practice their readiness to follow them in any situation can make a career in power structures. However, this in itself does not ensure a career; in any case, approval is needed "from above".



Nevertheless, renewal and even a change of elites is by no means an incredible scenario. And here, relatively speaking, three options for the development of the situation are possible. They will be discussed.

"Let the storm break out stronger"


So, option number 1. There are enough examples in history when the change of the ruling elite took place as a result of one or another shock. We will not consider foreign conquest, but it is worth talking about internal cataclysms. And these are not only revolutions.

For example, in France, a fairly serious personnel renewal in power circles of various levels took place under Henry IV, the king, who stopped the religious wars that tormented the country for forty years. His task was greatly facilitated by the fact that the former institutions of state administration almost did not function. Thanks to the fact that "Henri the Fourth" made a bet not on the nobles, but on the educated representatives of the third estate, he managed to bring the country to a new stage of development.

In Russia, something similar happened under Ivan III, who completed the unification of the country and ended feudal strife. But this is a distant past, and we are more interested in events that are much closer in time. More specifically, the era of perestroika, during which the current Russian elite was formed, replacing the Soviet one. True, here we will boldly put a minus sign to the process of changing elites.

This period cost us no less sacrifices than the wars of Catholics and Huguenots in France or princely strife in Russia. The only difference is that after the collapse of the USSR - the main result of Gorbachev's reforms - more people died not from weapons, but as a result of the terrible impoverishment of the bulk of the population, rampant crime, alcoholism and other delights of the "capitalist paradise".

It was in such conditions that our current elite was formed, and this process was completed already in the 90s. It would even be more accurate to say that at this time the principles by which this elite exist were formed. They were completely and completely copied from the West, and since then, in fact, have not changed. They just became more "civilized", or something. As if their carriers heeded the call of Mikhail Zhvanetsky: “Why are you stealing from losses? Steal with profits. "

Albeit in a greatly simplified, exaggerated form, but it is these words of the genius Russian satirist that characterize the changes that took place in the circles of power in the late 90s - early 2000s. They happened because by this time it became clear that if the open robbery of the country continues, then soon there will be nothing to rob. If only because Russia, especially after Khasavyurt, runs the risk of repeating the fate of Yugoslavia. It was at this time that the "humanitarian" bombing of our brotherly state in the Balkans was taking place, so that an example was before our eyes.

In general, it became clear that certain changes are needed. As a result, the rules of the game in the elite circles were slightly adjusted, without actually changing, and the most greedy and stubborn ones, like Khodorkovsky, Berezovsky and others, were pushed aside. The "new" times have come: from now on it became fashionable to be not a racketeer, but a policeman or an official. And many of the sincere fans of the Brigada series, and even those from whom the characters of the main characters were written, found themselves in the public service.

Now let us briefly return to history and recall an even sharper change in the ruling elite that took place in Russia after the October Revolution. However, this "perestroika" looks more advantageous than the late Soviet one. With all the ambiguity of the Soviet period of our history, it is impossible not to notice that Lenin, Trotsky, Sverdlov, Dzerzhinsky and Stalin, who, by the way, did not have experience in government, turned out to be incomparably more competent than the leaders of February, many of whom held high government posts in the Russian Empire. It is hard to imagine what would have happened to our country if the Bolsheviks had not taken power from them. That is, in 1917, in contrast to the late 80s - early 90s, more talented people came to power. Therefore, even now, in the XXI century, you can periodically hear that the events of a century ago would be nice to repeat.

The motivation for such calls is understandable, but the majority of Russian people hardly want this. Indeed, in this case, sacrifices and devastation will be inevitable, but new Lenins and Stalins may not be found. And one cannot discount the fact that now our "partners" are not weakened by the world war, as it was in 1918. There is every reason to believe that then the interventionists did not behave as decisively as they could, precisely for this reason. How will they act if there is a revolution in Russia now? And there is little doubt that there will be. Therefore, with the president's words that our country has exhausted the limit on revolutions, it is worth agreeing.

Democracy in action


However, we live in an era of democracy, and someone will say that the renewal of the elites can also happen through a banal victory in the elections. For example, a group of people who are not indifferent to the future of the country gathered, organized a party that gradually gained strength, in fact proving its readiness and ability to work effectively for the good of the country, and, in the end, won the elections. Is this an unrealistic scenario?

How to say. To begin with, it is worth recalling the fate of the former presidential candidate Pavel Grudinin. Despite the fact that the dark deeds in which he was accused from all television screens of the country turned out to be quite real, the fact that they were suddenly remembered on the eve of the next presidential elections leaves little doubt that he was openly “drowned”. Grudinin, of course, was still not a real competitor to the future winner of these elections, but, apparently, the principle of "it is better to stay out of sight" worked.

But this is not even the most revealing example. There is hardly a better piece of evidence for the real face of democracy than recent events in America. Trump's victory in 2016 seems to speak precisely in favor of democracy, but all subsequent events rather indicate that the elite of the United States simply underestimated the “impossible Donald,” and therefore largely let the situation in those elections go by.

Moreover, this applies not only to Democrats, but also to Republicans, among whom there were also enough "anti-Trumpists", but who lost the primaries to the future 45th president with a bang. In general, his opponents from both parties had to work literally for the next four years to correct their mistakes. And, I must admit, they worked at the "5+".

On the eve of 2018, the Russian elite could fully take into account the negative experience of their overseas colleagues, so they immediately used all resources even against a much weaker enemy than Hillary Clinton Trump was. Berezheny, as they say ... However, it is quite possible that no one studied with anyone, and “ours” were initially ready to eliminate even purely hypothetical threats. And this is not so important in our question, because this is just an assumption.

Is there a third way?


With regard to the existing Russian elites, a lot of negativity was voiced above, and readers will probably agree - the negative is just. But for the sake of the same justice it is worth adding a spoonful of honey to this ointment. For common sense dictates that you should never row one size fits all. And that in any power structures, in addition to careerists and grabbers, there are also quite decent people who really work for the good of the country. The late Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov, for example, was able to prove this by personal example in a much more troubled time than now. And at the time when he headed the Foreign Intelligence Service, which he did not let to collapse, and when he headed the Foreign Ministry and the government. And he is not alone in our history. After all, otherwise it is unlikely that Russia would have survived until 2021, while achieving certain successes.

Of course, there are people like Primakov even now. You can name specific examples, but this is not our task. And in that, starting from this fact, to designate the third possible scenario for the development of events. This path can be conditionally called "revolution from above". This term was introduced into use by Marx, denoting by this the deep reforms that followed in European countries after the unsuccessful revolutions of 1848-49, but we will expand it a little without changing the meaning. And then the reforms of Peter I, and Stalin's modernization, and the Meiji revolution in Japan, and the same reforms of Bismarck (which Marx called, among others, "a revolution from above"), and many other similar turning points in the life of different countries fall under this definition. , sometimes radically changing their appearance.

These processes were united by several points. First, they all led to the modernization and strengthening of the countries where they were carried out, sometimes very dramatically. Second, many new people came to power, who showed themselves in the course of reforms, although the degree of elite renewal in different cases could be different. And, finally, third: they were all inspired by the representatives of the current government, who understood that “the lower classes no longer want”, and, therefore, it is necessary to act while “the upper classes still can”. That is, those about whom we spoke above, taking Primakov as an example.

Such a profound change, of course, led to a certain political instability, but made it possible to avoid genuine revolutions and coups, which means numerous casualties and devastation. How likely such a development of events is in Russia, we will try to speculate next time.
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  1. +2
    8 February 2021 07: 41
    1.
    New faces in Russian politics: the likelihood of their appearance and the way to come to power

    2.
    For example, in France, a fairly serious personnel renewal in power circles of various levels took place under Henry IV, the king, who stopped the religious wars that tormented the country for forty years.

    3.
    In Russia, something similar happened under Ivan III, who completed the unification of the country and ended feudal strife.
  2. -8
    8 February 2021 08: 23
    And who will let them in? Unless someone's children, or puppets?
  3. 0
    8 February 2021 08: 24
    With regard to democracy, Yavlinsky's statement seems to be quite accurate:

    Earlier ... these "reflective" citizens, once again grieving about the fact that the government "broke through the bottom" and "reached the edge", first plunged into personal affairs and concerns, and then began to think about whom to vote for. Today, a party of "New People" has already been prepared for them from one flank, and the party "For Truth" from the other.

    https://www.yabloko.ru/publikatsii/2021/02/07
    About the third way last summer, speaking about amendments to the Constitution, Peskov has already spoken out:

    As Russia feels more confident, more independent, more independent, as Russia better protects itself from interference in its internal affairs, Russia can concentrate on "cementing" this state of its own. From my point of view, this set of amendments is the process of "cementing" the current state strong sovereign Russia

    https://tass.ru/politika/8778217
    Regarding "a storm will break out" - the scale of the personality over the past 100 years has been greatly reduced (there are few real violent), but Russia does not need to be broken without development.
    That's it, we've arrived. This is a dead end, which in 10 years may lead to a new "restructuring".
    1. +6
      8 February 2021 08: 52
      About "cementing". Peskov had something else in mind. After all, the amendments, judging by their content, are just an attempt to strengthen sovereignty. Therefore, your quote from the press secretary ends with the words about "strong, sovereign Russia", which you did not singled out in vain, but rightly left.

      About the "dead end". There is one guy on U-tube who is filming an interview about Russia with foreigners who have moved here for permanent residence and Russians who have emigrated abroad. So both those and others often note the fact that "Russians are extremely negative about their current reality." What is it for? Not to the fact that everything is good and wonderful here, but to the fact that the dead end is predicted for us about the same as America's "final decay". And something neither America will rot in any way, nor will we find ourselves in a dead end, with all our problems.

      Conclusion: it is necessary to talk about the shortcomings, moreover, in a full voice, but not about the fact that "the plaster is removed, the client leaves" (if I correctly understood your words about the dead end). Yavlinsky, of course, everything seems to be in black - he was sitting high, and now he has been out of work for many years.
      1. -6
        8 February 2021 10: 28
        Quote: ASK.21.07
        but to the fact that the dead end is predicted for us about the same as America's "final decay."

        I would like to remind you that such a "dead end" emerged in 1917 and 1991. By historical standards, these are very recent events.
        1. +2
          8 February 2021 11: 10
          Yes, but can you name the real preconditions for 1991 or, even more so, 1917, which are currently taking place?
          1. -5
            8 February 2021 14: 28
            The stagnation of economies over the course of a decade was a prerequisite for 91 years.
            Inequality was a prerequisite for the 17th
            https://www.rbc.ru/economics/16/12/2017/5a33e2fc9a79471b6d846e24
            1. +3
              8 February 2021 15: 32
              The USSR collapsed not because of the economy alone, there was a whole complex of reasons. Plus, in the 80s we stagnated against the background of growth in the capitalist countries, and now the whole world has problems. So this time a worldwide collapse is more likely, and not ours separately. And this is another song.
              1. -5
                8 February 2021 16: 13
                Quote: ASK.21.07
                The USSR collapsed not because of the economy alone, there was a whole complex of reasons.

                Undoubtedly.
                There was fatigue from the Communist Party, now from EdRa.

                Quote: ASK.21.07
                Plus, in the 80s, we stagnated against the background of growth in the capitalist countries, and now the whole world has problems.

                At 17, the whole world had problems. But the world survived, but RI did not. Stagnation in the Russian Federation is not associated with world problems, it began before these problems.
                1. +3
                  8 February 2021 16: 29
                  Quote: Oleg Rambover
                  There was fatigue from the Communist Party, now from EdRa.

                  And Russia is now crumbling like the USSR during perestroika? I mean Karabakh, the Baltics, Georgia, etc. Do crowds of people come out to "anti-Edrovskie" demonstrations?

                  And at the head of the country we still have not Gorbachev, but an order of magnitude stronger leader. Whether someone likes him or not is a separate question.

                  Quote: Oleg Rambover
                  At 17, the whole world had problems. But the world survived, but RI did not.

                  And also GI, OI, AVI. And England and France began to rapidly lose their positions. RI did not survive exactly as RI, but as the USSR. Moreover, it only became stronger. Now I'm not talking about the fact that if something happens we will have a revolution, I'm about the fact that our country emerged victorious from much more serious trials. And every time I got stronger. Why should it be different now?
                  1. +5
                    8 February 2021 16: 47
                    Quote: Oleg Rambover
                    There was fatigue from the Communist Party, now from EdRa.

                    You don't understand simple things! Oleg Rambover and his comrades u-s-t-a-l-i. They want variety. lol
                    1. +2
                      8 February 2021 16: 50
                      Yes, I just understand Yes ... But I would like to hear it from them. To honestly admit it. Perhaps starting with ourselves. Since no convincing arguments have been voiced at the moment.
                      1. +5
                        8 February 2021 17: 07
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        Since no convincing arguments have been voiced at the moment.

                        And it will not sound.

                        The crisis of the 90s began after the liberals kicked out the communists, or it would be more correct to say, imposed their ideology (liberal of course).

                        One of the liberal verbiage was asked when they will begin to make the country successful and stop the collapse of industry, to which he replied - they do not know how to govern the country, and their main purpose is to defeat the communists, and everyone should thank them for this.
                      2. +1
                        8 February 2021 20: 09
                        Quote: isofat
                        One of the liberal verbiage was asked when they will start to make the country successful and stop the collapse of industry, to which he replied - they do not know how to govern the country, and their main purpose is to defeat the communists

                        And this, just one hour, was not the current special representative of the president for relations with international organizations?

                      3. +1
                        8 February 2021 20: 49
                        Not. It was Popov, Gavriil Kharitonovich.
                  2. -4
                    9 February 2021 00: 19
                    Quote: ASK.21.07
                    And Russia is now crumbling like the USSR during perestroika? I mean Karabakh, the Baltics, Georgia, etc. Do crowds of people come out to "anti-Edrovskie" demonstrations?

                    The perestroika period is the final stage of the collapse of the USSR. It started much earlier. The problems of the economy began much earlier. Already at the end of Khrushchev's reign.

                    Quote: ASK.21.07
                    And at the head of the country we still have not Gorbachev, but an order of magnitude stronger leader. Whether someone likes him or not is a separate question.

                    I would compare the current one with Brezhnev, marasmus is not far off.
                    By the way, what did Putin do? If it were not for oil prices and the willingness of the West to buy it, there would be no "great" Putin. And by the way, there is another similarity, the USSR also significantly depended on the export of energy resources.

                    Quote: ASK.21.07
                    And also GI, OI, AVI.

                    Note, this is the Axis empire, the loser side. RI was on the side of the winners. Although I agree, the reincarnation of the Republic of Ingushetia in the form of the USSR survived all other empires, their peers.

                    Quote: ASK.21.07
                    Moreover, it only became stronger.

                    It is highly controversial when it is stronger when it is weaker. One thing is indisputable, Russia has never won the confrontation with the collective "West" (although there were only two of them). And it's not clear why it should be different now. The main strength of the state is its citizens. The population of the USSR is 270 million and he lost. The population of the Russian Federation is 140 million.
                    PS I do not want a new perestroika, in times of change it is very uncomfortable to live, but in this I agree with the respected DigitalError, the course chosen by the current government makes it more and more inevitable.
                    1. +3
                      9 February 2021 01: 00
                      You speak so confidently, as if you see the future. I'm trying to explain to you that YOU DON'T KNOW IT. Neither does anyone else know. Hence the version that you seem to want this "perestroika" to take place.

                      What did Putin do that? To begin with, until 2003-2004, the country received about 20 cents from each petrodollar, of which almost everything remained in the pockets of the oligarchs. In the 90s, PSA agreements were signed. Putin was able to cancel them, and the budget immediately grew threefold. From 50 to, if I'm not mistaken, 150 billion in dollar terms. So if not for the GDP, nothing would have settled in the country from the export of oil and gas.

                      The second point is the defense industry, whose factories survived in the 90s, it was only due to export. But by the 2000s, we almost did not build nuclear submarines. "Severodvinsk" hung on the stocks. And now "Borei" are serially produced, according to "Ash", of course the problem, but in the early 00s they were not even in the boathouses, except for the same "Severodvinsk". Further - Su-57 went into series, "Vanguard", "Peresvet" and so on. Not to say that it was done straight from scratch, according to Soviet developments, but in the 90s can you imagine such results? Are frigates 22350 really world-class ships? And the T-14, which will still be brought to the series? To list mono is long.
                      1. -3
                        9 February 2021 23: 47
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        You speak so confidently, as if you see the future. I'm trying to explain to you that YOU DON'T KNOW IT. Neither does anyone else know. Hence the version that you seem to want this "perestroika" to take place.

                        The era of stagnation usually leads to crises and, as a consequence, to all kinds of reforms (perestroika) and revolutions. You don't have to be "Wong".

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        What did Putin do that? To begin with, until 2003-2004, the country received about 20 cents from each petrodollar, of which almost everything remained in the pockets of the oligarchs. In the 90s, PSA agreements were signed. Putin was able to cancel them, and the budget immediately grew threefold. From 50 to, if I'm not mistaken, 150 billion in dollar terms. So if not for the GDP, nothing would have settled in the country from the export of oil and gas.

                        It's hard for me to judge. In what year did the budget triple? It seems that PSAs are still in effect. If not for the GDP, then up to half of the export of state oil companies would not have gone through Gunvor, and Timchenko would not have entered the 3 richest people in the world and the top ten richest people in the Russian Federation.

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        The second point is the defense industry, whose factories survived in the 90s, it was only due to export.

                        All this is a pale shadow of what the USSR was doing, and yes, you are right, these are mainly improvements to Soviet projects. And speaking of the similarities, exorbitant military spending was one of the reasons for the collapse of the USSR.
                      2. +1
                        10 February 2021 00: 19
                        Quote: Oleg Rambover
                        All this is a pale shadow of what the USSR was doing ...

                        Oleg Rambover, as I understand it, the liberals do not feel guilty for the bad things that happened in Russia. Even more, you think that the liberal government does not bear any responsibility for what is happening in Russia today.

                        And in your best liberal traditions, you are again looking for the guilty. Today V.V. is to blame for you. Putin, and before him you fought the communists. I'm right?
                      3. +2
                        10 February 2021 02: 19
                        Well, our defense industry spending is not exorbitant, thank God. The effectiveness of these spending is a separate and sore question, but this needs to be discussed separately and in detail.

                        As for budget growth. Here is a table.


                        You will probably catch on to what I said "grew three times at once", but this is just an imprecision. Not immediately, but as the collection of taxes from raw materials producers grew. After Khodorkovsky was landed, oil workers alone began to pay taxes 80 times better for some reason. Also, of course, not right away. I've read on this topic for a long time, now I can't find anything that can be referred to as an authority. But I have remembered this indicator ever since. Painfully bright.

                        By PSA. There were 262 of them, it seems like only two Sakhalin aircraft remained. Didn't really delve into why.

                        As for the incomes of oil tycoons and speculators like Timchenko, there is nothing to cover and there is no need. It is what it is. But let's be fair: a similar system took shape even before Putin. And his leadership style is to do without sudden movements. This was correct in the early XNUMXs, and even five years ago. Whether this is right now - I don't know. I am not a member of power structures, although I am here suspected of "working off rations" laughing .

                        If we talk about my personal position, then I am definitely in favor of the earth and its bowels being the property of the whole society. That is, let the private business extract oil and gas for itself, but only they are not its property, but the state property. And the companies only provide services on the basis of state orders. I recently read a very powerful publication on this topic. I, of course, am an amateur in economics, I have the most general ideas, but it sounded convincing. I can drop the link if interested.
                      4. -2
                        11 February 2021 08: 25
                        I cannot answer you on all points, there is no time. If you google the price of a barrel of oil by years, you will see that the graph you have given is a function of the price of oil, their ups and downs coincide. Inflation of the dollar since 1990 was 60%, respectively, then 10 dollars is 16 now.
                        If the GDP left in 2008, he would go down in history as a completely successful president, now, when the economy is stagnating, foreign policy has failed, internal tension and uncertainty are growing due to the transit of power (as a result of the usurpation of power by Putin), he will go down in history differently.
                      5. +1
                        11 February 2021 18: 33
                        I would not say that the foreign policy is downright failed, but in it, as in the domestic one, there is no clear strategy. We act according to circumstances. So it was with the Crimea, and in Syria - but everywhere. And this, despite the tactical successes achieved, is obviously a losing position, since the initiative is not in our hands. This is the main weakness of our current course, and the fact that Putin is not ready to offer something intelligible in this regard speaks very strongly not in his favor.

                        So I am far from idealizing him. Although I do not agree with your assessment of his activities in the first period. But it's okay to have different opinions. I think you will agree with this. He really did a lot, and it’s not only or even so much about oil prices. GDP turned out to be a very good "crisis manager". It is not a fact that someone else has taken advantage of high oil prices as successfully. Examples from history - darkness.

                        But now the times are already different, and at the moment the development of a long-term strategy, of our own project of building a state, and of peace (to a certain extent), is already turning into a question of our survival. By virtue of our size, we are obliged to become one of the full-fledged world centers of power. If we don't, we will lose, perhaps very quickly.
                      6. -3
                        13 February 2021 09: 57
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        I would not say that the foreign policy is downright failed, but in it, as in the domestic one, there is no clear strategy.

                        Do you see progress somewhere? The main and most ambitious failure is of course Ukraine. To make a country so closely interconnected economically, for the most part speaking Russian, an enemy, it had to be contrived. The main trade partner of the Russian Federation is the EU, which imposes sanctions on the Russian Federation. Even Belarus "kicks up" and does not support the Russian Federation.
                        Yes, it is clear what the Russian Federation is striving for in foreign policy:

                        1. The post-Soviet space is the patrimony of the Russian Federation.
                        2. The voice of the Russian Federation should have the same weight in world affairs as the voice of the USSR had.
                        3. The Russian elite is part of the Western and should not be deskreminated in the West.
                        Only in the post-Soviet space do not really want to be the patrimony of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federation, not the USSR.

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        But it's okay to have different opinions.

                        Yes, no doubt about it.

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        He really did a lot, and it’s not only or even so much about oil prices. GDP turned out to be a very good "crisis manager". It is not a fact that someone else has taken advantage of high oil prices as successfully. Examples from history - darkness.

                        Yes, he put the country on an oil needle, raised the level of inequality to the African level (like AIDS), brought the country into stagnation, gets into a confrontation with the "West" that is not able to win, built in the country monopoly capitalism (the worst form of capitalism).
                        Most of his accomplishments are natural. Examples from history show that the return to the pre-crisis level usually takes 15 years (and this process began even before Putin), and only particularly outstanding leaders were able to stretch it for 25 years or even more (for example, the Stalinist USSR).

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        But now the times are already different, and at the moment the development of a long-term strategy, of our own project of building a state, and of peace (to a certain extent), is already turning into a question of our survival. By virtue of our size, we are obliged to become one of the full-fledged world centers of power. If we don't, we will lose, perhaps very quickly.

                        I would not be strict in this matter. You want too much from Putin. Much more intelligent people tried to propose a new model of the state and the world, but failed in the long run. And now there are no alternatives. Our president is not about changing the world. He would have to stand for a day, but hold out for the night.
                        Have you heard about milk and a cow?

                      7. 0
                        13 February 2021 12: 53
                        In general, the positions are announced. And they are VERY different. I think that it hardly makes sense for us to continue this dialogue or start a new one. Not because of hostility, but simply because we cannot convince each other.
                      8. 0
                        15 February 2021 19: 16
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        Not because of hostility, but simply because we cannot convince each other.

                        I have no ill will. You have your opinion and, of course, you have the right to it. I am interested in the process of discussion itself, to convince someone in my even hopes.
                      9. 0
                        16 February 2021 20: 12
                        And I get tired of fruitless attempts to shower each other with arguments. To find out who and why thinks in one way or another - yes, and this task, in my opinion, has been solved. And then why? Just waste time.
                      10. 123
                        +2
                        12 February 2021 13: 38
                        If you google the price of a barrel of oil by year, you will see that the graph you have given is a function of the price of oil, their ups and downs coincide.

                        I followed your advice, forgive Wikipedia ..., I didn't bother because I understand that this is nonsense. So, the schedule does not match, pay attention to the example for 2009-2010. No matches request


                        the economy stagnates, foreign policy has failed

                        The times are not easy for the world economy, and it is unlikely that this is because of Putin. What is the failure of foreign policy?

                        internal tension and uncertainty are growing due to the transit of power (due to the usurpation of power by Putin)

                        What other internal tension? are you talking about the brainless hamsters of the Basement? As for usurpation, you would choose expressions. People voted for him, and the overwhelming majority. Do you blame them for this? sad I look completely marginalized am

                        it will go down in history differently.

                        Exactly Yes I guess this time will be called the Putin era fellow
                      11. +1
                        13 February 2021 12: 56
                        As a matter of fact, our time is ALREADY called that, Mr. One-two, sorry, comrade One-two-three)))). But I think in vain you argue with Oleg. A person has the right to think as he wants. Even if it seems that he lives in a parallel reality. However, like all our liberals.
                      12. 123
                        +1
                        13 February 2021 13: 11
                        in vain you argue with Oleg. A person has the right to think as he wants. Even if it seems that he lives in a parallel reality

                        A person can naturally have an opinion, and that's great. I only want it to be based on a foundation of facts, not chimeras.
                        Why do we need parallel reality? We can lose someone laughing And they are not any, but all are ours winked
                      13. 0
                        15 February 2021 19: 19
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        Even if it seems that he lives in a parallel reality.

                        Is that why you keep curtailing our discussions and are not able to defend your position reasonably?
                      14. 0
                        16 February 2021 20: 10
                        Yes, that's why. Why break a spear? Can we prove something to each other? In my opinion, this is not the case when you need to "stand up to the last." What's the point? Moreover, to all appearances, from your point of view, I also live in a somewhat (or maybe not several) parallel reality.
                      15. -2
                        17 February 2021 00: 19
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        Moreover, to all appearances, from your point of view, I also live in a somewhat (or maybe not several) parallel reality.

                        This is yes. But once I managed to change your reality and I hope now you will not cite non-existent statements by Western politicians about their dreams to seize the Russian Federation because of resources. One zero in my favor. Here, in another topic, I hope I managed to convey to the respected 123 that his ideas about paying for Lend-Lease during WWII from a parallel universe. Lead, I am helping your brother out of the gloom little by little.
                      16. 0
                        17 February 2021 20: 26
                        Quote: Oleg Rambover
                        But once I managed to change your reality and I hope now you will not cite non-existent statements by Western politicians about their dreams to seize the Russian Federation because of resources.

                        For this I have already thanked you. And you did not change my point of view, you just proved that neither Thatcher nor Albright uttered the words that I attributed to them. I hope you have enough happy memories for a long time.

                        Quote: Oleg Rambover
                        Lead, I am helping your brother out of the gloom little by little.

                      17. -2
                        17 February 2021 23: 53
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        And you haven't changed my point of view,

                        That is, in your reality, the "West" still dreams of taking away its natural resources from the Russian Federation, although in ordinary reality not one leader has expressed himself in a similar vein over the past 75 years and has not done anything for this? Well, OK.

                        Regarding the flag, yes, Sisyphean work.
                      18. -1
                        13 February 2021 23: 54
                        Quote: 123
                        I followed your advice, forgive Wikipedia ..., I didn't bother because I understand that this is nonsense. So, the schedule does not match, pay attention to the example for 2009-2010. No matches

                        As always, you are inattentive. Take a closer look at the schedule of the respected ASK.21.07. He has two columns in the graph, expenses and budget revenues. If you look closely, you will notice that budget revenues have dropped significantly these years.

                        Quote: 123
                        The times are not easy for the world economy, and it is unlikely that this is because of Putin.

                        The stagnation of the Russian economy began long before the problems of the world economy.

                        Quote: 123
                        What is the failure of foreign policy?

                        For example Ukraine.

                        Quote: 123
                        What other internal tension? are you talking about the brainless hamsters of the Basement? As for usurpation, you would choose expressions. People voted for him, and the overwhelming majority. Do you blame them for this? I look completely marginalized

                        Dadada, specifically about the supporters of Navalny. You want to think so, I can't forbid you. You know, the majority of supporters are still intellectuals.
                        And with regard to the marginalized, you do not refer to them as supporters of GCD or Serbs?

                        Quote: 123
                        Quite right I think this time will be called the Putin era

                        Of course, the era of Putin, he has been sitting for 20 years, and is still going to deep insanity. This era will also be called the time of lost chances.
                      19. +4
                        14 February 2021 00: 49
                        Quote: Oleg Rambover
                        The stagnation of the Russian economy began long before the problems of the world economy.

                        1. The second stage of the Yaya oil refinery was commissioned in the Kemerovo region.
                        2. A new complex for processing straight-run gasoline fractions UK-1 will allow the refinery to produce up to 700 thousand tons of Euro-5 gasoline annually.
                        3. The enterprise "UEC-Perm Motors" has received a certificate of approval from the production organization and can start mass production of the newest PD-14 engines for MS-21 aircraft.
                        4. Subsidiaries of "KamAZ" in Bashkiria have started modernization, which will cost about 6 billion rubles.
                        5. Rostec has developed an artificial lung ventilation apparatus capable of performing tomography of the chest organs while simultaneously supporting respiratory functions.
                        6. Concern "Almaz-Antey" completed tests of the first in Russia drone-interceptor "Wolf-18", capable of automatically finding and shooting down enemy drones.
                        7. The first domestic base station supporting LTE and LTE Advanced standards was created. In addition to LTE, the station provides access to a 4G network and is compatible with fifth generation networks.
                        8. Rospotrebnadzor has developed and registered a high-precision rapid test for COVID-19.
                        9. The company "Gistrograft" has conducted clinical trials of the world's first gene-activated material for the regeneration of bone tissue before the installation of dental implants and for the treatment of patients with bone injuries.
                        10. Dry cargo ship Leonid Pestrikov was launched in Nizhny Novgorod. This is the fifth of nine motor ships ordered by the shipping company Alfa.
                        11. A presentation of a modern low-floor tram took place in Chelyabinsk. The design speed of the model 71-628 produced by the Ust-Katavskiy Carriage Works is 75 km / h, higher than that of its predecessors.

                        This is in the last week ... wink
                      20. 123
                        0
                        14 February 2021 01: 15
                        As always, you are inattentive. Take a closer look at the schedule of the respected ASK.21.07. He has two columns in the graph, expenses and budget revenues. If you look closely, you will notice that budget revenues have dropped significantly these years.

                        Why look closely? Why should someone seek confirmation of your strange statements? Maybe you deign to provide two graphs and see how they coincide.

                        The stagnation of the Russian economy began long before the problems of the world economy.

                        And on this statement, confirmation is desirable and how it relates to oil prices.

                        For example Ukraine.

                        Of course, you can consider this a failure, just like me, the failure of the Americans, Syria and Venezuela, and perhaps I can give more examples. Or do you think that you can win always and everywhere? Quite a strange opinion for a supporter of losers who regularly fly in elections wink

                        Dadada, specifically about the supporters of Navalny. You want to think so, I can't forbid you. You know, the majority of supporters are still intellectuals.

                        In this you are absolutely right, as a rule, thinking people, in contrast to the supporters of the Basement nit smile

                        And with regard to the marginalized, you do not refer to them as supporters of GCD or Serbs?

                        You know, about the GCD, I can take it. Quite strange guys. Of course, you can put forward beautiful slogans, but in fact .... As for the Serbs, I find it difficult to define because I am not familiar with the activities of this organization.

                        Of course, the era of Putin, he has been sitting for 20 years, and is still going to deep insanity.

                        Well, you, be an optimist, he will leave before you have complete insanity winked

                        This era will also be called the time of lost chances.

                        Maybe you're right Yes From your point of view, this is so sad And I have bad news for you, little will change for you with Putin's departure hi
                      21. -1
                        15 February 2021 01: 31
                        Quote: 123
                        Why look closely? Why should someone seek confirmation of your strange statements? Maybe you deign to provide two graphs and see how they coincide.

                        Yes please.


                        Quote: 123
                        And on this statement, confirmation is desirable and how it relates to oil prices.

                        https://thewallmagazine.ru/stagnation/
                        https://www.rbc.ru/newspaper/2020/10/21/5f8eb6559a79471244b6dbfc
                        https://regnum.ru/news/economy/3026804.html
                        https://actualcomment.ru/putin_syrevaya_model_ekonomiki_ischerpala_sebya.html

                        Quote: 123
                        Of course, you can consider this a failure, just like me, the failure of the Americans, Syria and Venezuela, and perhaps I can give more examples. Or do you think that you can win always and everywhere?

                        You haven't read Brzezinski, The Great Chessboard?

                        Without Ukraine, Russia ceases to be a Eurasian empire. Without Ukraine, Russia can still fight for imperial status, but then it would become a largely Asian imperial state.
                        If Moscow regains control over Ukraine with its 52 million population () and large resources, as well as access to the Black Sea, then Russia will automatically again receive the means to turn into a powerful imperial state, stretching out in Europe and Asia.

                        Ukraine is a strategic defeat. Syria, Venezuela is a tactic. And in fact what is the victory? The fact that now the Russian Federation is pouring into these countries a bunch of irrecoverable loans in soulless dollars? So-so victory.

                        Quote: 123
                        In this you are absolutely right, as a rule, thinking people, in contrast to the supporters of the Basement nit

                        Come on. Among the supporters of the rat, you are rather an exception, since you can clearly state your position, and that recently you are degrading and more and more you are inclined to stupid rudeness.

                        Quote: 123
                        Well, you, be an optimist, he will leave before you have complete insanity

                        Let's hope he has insanity, unlike me, not far off.

                        Quote: 123
                        Probably you are right From your point of view this is so And I have bad news for you, with the departure of Putin, little will change for you

                        I have bad news for you, we are in the same boat and we will have similar problems. With Putin's departure, a lot will change for everyone, and rather for the worse (thanks to Putin).
                      22. +2
                        15 February 2021 01: 58
                        Oleg Rambover, your efforts to shift all the blame onto one person is not original. I hope that this will not happen and the liberals will answer for everything, do not pretend that you are worried about the boat.

                        Do you have any positive examples of the activities of our liberals? lol

                        I have bad news for you, we are in the same boat

                        Oleg Rambover, I don't like your presence in our boat either. Yes
                    2. +5
                      9 February 2021 01: 11
                      Now on a peaceful topic. Are you aware that Rostselmash, which was bent in the mid-2000s, is now one of the five largest manufacturers of agricultural machinery in the world? By the way, even the most fastidious agronomists praise the Akros harvesters. In terms of quality, they have not been inferior to foreign counterparts for a long time. Apparently, therefore, they are not exported anywhere, but to Germany.

                      I will repeat what I already wrote to one of the commentators. We are among the largest shipbuilding powers, we build large-tonnage ships, we have our own aircraft engines that only the United States, England, France can do, and we. It took a long time to restore this industry, but now there is PD-14. On the way PD-8, PD-35. We have our own world-class processors (finally!), We provide ourselves with meat, grain, sunflower oil and so on. I don’t know about you, but in the south of the country (I live in the Stavropol Territory), the roads were put in order, and not only those that were tied in Sochi, but also, for example, to Dagestan, Astrakhan Region, Kalmykia, etc. ... In my 35-seat town, two parks have already been built, a modern cinema is being designed and much more.

                      I do not deny that there are enough problems with my head, but what has been done has been done in the Putin era. Not the most successful in the history of the country, probably, but not the most decadent either. Under Yeltsin, we could not dream of such a thing. As for the incomes of the population, yes, the bulk of them have been falling in recent years (they have integrated into the world market, you can't get away from this), but this still cannot be compared with the beginning of the XNUMXs. I can see it even on the example of collective farmers working in our area.
                      1. -2
                        10 February 2021 00: 31
                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        Now on a peaceful topic. Are you aware that Rostselmash, which was bent in the mid-2000s, is now one of the five largest manufacturers of agricultural machinery in the world? By the way, even the most fastidious agronomists praise the Akros harvesters. In terms of quality, they have not been inferior to foreign counterparts for a long time. Apparently, therefore, they are not exported anywhere, but to Germany.

                        This is an undeniably positive fact. I did not find what share in the production of agricultural machinery now, in 2015 it was 1,5%.
                        How much is it now? CNH and AGCO have a turnover of 28 and 10 billion euros, Rostselmash has 0,5. Actually, what does Putin have to do with it?

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        I will repeat what I already wrote to one of the commentators. We are among the largest shipbuilding powers, we build large-tonnage ships, we have our own aircraft engines that only the United States, England, France can do, and we. It took a long time to restore this industry, but now there is PD-14. On the way PD-8, PD-35.

                        Someone flies on these engines?

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        We have our own world-class processors (finally!), We provide ourselves with meat, grain, sunflower oil and so on. I don’t know about you, but in the south of the country (I live in the Stavropol Territory), the roads were put in order, and not only those that were tied in Sochi, but also, for example, to Dagestan, Astrakhan Region, Kalmykia, etc. ... In my 35-seat town, two parks have already been built, a modern cinema is being designed and much more.

                        This is all good news, but how it contradicts my assertion that if it were not for the prices of oil and the willingness of the West to buy it, there would be no “great” Putin.

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        Under Yeltsin, we could not dream of such a thing.

                        Of course they could not at a price per barrel of 10-15 bucks.

                        Quote: ASK.21.07
                        As for the incomes of the population, yes, the bulk of them have been falling in recent years (they have integrated into the world market, you can't get away from this), but this still cannot be compared with the beginning of the XNUMXs. I can see it even on the example of collective farmers working in our area.

                        Yes, Russians have never lived so richly in history, but for some reason people are so arranged that when they take away the last piece of bread, they are less indignant than when they replace their favorite Parmesan with conventional Russian cheese. Probably it's all about the notorious Maslow pyramid.
                      2. +3
                        10 February 2021 01: 45
                        Putin is here despite the fact that, on his personal order, the ministers finally became interested in Rostselmash and began to support him.

                        The MS-14 flies on the PD-21, this is a completely new engine, according to the latest technology. PD-8 - import substitution for SSJ, PD-35 - for IL-96-400 and for the promising CR929 liner.

                        I will not repeat myself about oil prices and about what the budget received from this thanks to GDP. It seems that you simply ignored what was said. You can only add that over the past 20 years, the current $ 50 per barrel is not so much more than 10-15 of the beginning of the century.

                        Well, about indignation - it's not bad when it is done within the framework of the law. And it would be even better if, instead of rallies and cobblestones, the "Protestants" would go to a volunteer cleanup, some sort of dump would be removed. This, in my opinion, is a much more useful contribution to the country's future. True, it doesn't smell like hype.

                        I understand when people who really do not have enough for life or for treatment are outraged, whom officials kick like a ball in response to legitimate requests. But for some reason I noticed a pattern: the most dissatisfied people in Russia, with rare exceptions, are those to whom it is a sin to complain about wealth. A person flies to Thailand every year, and at the same time whines all the time about how hard it is to live in Russia. I've met a lot of them. This is no longer Maslow's pyramid, here - as in "Shirley-Myrley": "In my opinion, Vee has too much to eat" - "What do you mean?" - "I mean, we got drunk!"
                      3. +3
                        10 February 2021 02: 32
                        The fact is that the majority of "Protestants" are banal "to eat too much", as it was said in "Shirley-Myrli". There are a couple of acquaintances: they fly to Thailand or somewhere else every year to rest, but they endlessly whine about how bad it is to live in the country. I never cease to be surprised at them.

                        As for oil prices, I answered above. I don't want to repeat myself.

                        Who flies these engines? On PD-14 - MS-21 is already flying (the engine is completely new), PD-8 is made to replace foreign ones in SSJ, and PD-35 - for Il-96-400 and CR929. For the first time since Soviet times, in fact, we are creating the entire line of civilian turbojet engines.

                        I do not mean that Putin is great. Let the historians after us figure it out. Then a lot will be revealed from what we now have no access to - both good and bad. I mean that if not for his coming to power, the Soviet potential would have been completely and irrevocably ruined by 2008, if not earlier. And now he is and works, the way and not as efficiently as we would like.

                        And the country would have been pulled apart, if not for Putin. When the Wahhabis climbed into Dagestan, Stepashin blabbed about the fact that "Russia could lose Dagestan." Faintly imagine such words in the performance of Putin. And then, Khodorkovsky was aiming for power and one of the points of his program was the renunciation of nuclear weapons. What would happen to us in this case?
                    3. 123
                      0
                      12 February 2021 13: 21
                      One thing is indisputable, Russia has never won the confrontation with the collective "West" (although there were only two of them).

                      It is indisputable for you how Napoleon and Hitler ended their careers you can independently find.

                      And it's not clear why it should be different now.

                      Totally agree with you good

                      The main strength of the state is its citizens. The population of the USSR is 270 million and he lost. The population of the Russian Federation is 140 million.

                      World leaders China, India, Indonesia? Will the victory be theirs?
            2. 123
              +1
              8 February 2021 18: 33
              The stagnation of economies over the course of a decade was a prerequisite for 91 years.
              Inequality was a prerequisite for the 17th

              In Germany, industrial production has been declining for the third year. Are they 8 years old?
              1. -1
                9 February 2021 00: 38
                What are you, Germany is gayevropa. This is the USSR (created by the great Stalin, fortified by Yezhov (by the way, who admitted to being sodomy), how many years of stagnation, 20 years, these 20 years and fell apart. Decaying Germany for a maximum of a year, wait, you will be informed, on the first channel.
                By the way, you never answered, what do you think about the fact that your idol transferred 300 thousand of his personal funds to Yeltsin to the center?
                1. 123
                  +1
                  9 February 2021 08: 49
                  What are you, Germany is gayevropa.

                  Is this a guarantee against the economic crisis? Do you truly believe in this?

                  This is the USSR (created by the great Stalin, strengthened by Yezhov (by the way, admitted to being sodomy), how many years of stagnation, 20 years, these 20 years and fell apart.

                  Quite an interesting forecast. In general, the USSR has not existed since 1991. I recommend talking to doctors about this topic.

                  Decaying Germany for a maximum of a year, wait, you will be informed, on the first channel.

                  Did "Dozhd" inspire you, or did "Radio Freedom" inflate your ears?
                  I'm watching you fanatic? Economic indicators are not important, is everything reduced to "Yezhovs"? Or is it such a defensive reaction, a way to escape reality? If we start to throw the facts against with slogans and change the topic?

                  By the way, you never answered, what do you think about the fact that your idol transferred 300 thousand of his personal funds to Yeltsin to the center?

                  Firstly, I have no idols. Secondly, did you ask exactly? Remind me when, I was here for communicating with you like that in the bath, I missed some details. Surely you, as usual, attributed to me certain views and points of view and successfully exposed? laughing And now be terribly proud of it winked I'm right? smile
                  1. -2
                    9 February 2021 18: 13
                    Quote: 123
                    Is this a guarantee against the economic crisis? Do you truly believe in this?

                    Where did I say that? I seemed to say quite the opposite. You are confusing something again.

                    Quote: 123
                    Quite an interesting forecast. In general, the USSR has not existed since 1991. I recommend talking to doctors about this topic.

                    Was not the past tense "falling apart"? You messed something up again. By the way, how is your agoraphobia doing? Have you already seen a doctor with her?

                    Quote: 123
                    Did "Dozhd" inspire you, or did "Radio Freedom" inflate your ears?
                    I'm watching you fanatic?

                    Something you again see the opposite meaning to what I wrote. Are you okay?

                    Quote: 123
                    Economic indicators are not important, is everything reduced to "Yezhovs"? Or is it such a defensive reaction, a way to escape reality? If we start to throw the facts against with slogans and change the topic?

                    Of course important, you take it easy. I say, decaying Europe led by Germany is about to die, wait. Am I contradicting you? Or is this your reaction to the fact of Yezhov's sodomy? Then it's interesting.

                    Quote: 123
                    And now you're terribly proud of it. Am I right?

                    Yes, yes, you are right, just don't be nervous. So did VV change your personal attitude towards Putin, the fact that he not only took an active part in the creation of the Yeltsin Center as Prime Minister and then President, but also as a private person sponsored this institution?
                    1. 123
                      +1
                      9 February 2021 18: 34
                      Where did I say that? I seemed to say quite the opposite. You are confusing something again.

                      On the contrary? belay That is, you think that you are seriously sure that Germany has a maximum of a year left to "rot"? As you slip away from the answer.

                      Was not the past tense "falling apart"? You messed something up again. By the way, how is your agoraphobia doing? Have you already seen a doctor with her?

                      I have no problem with Agoraphobia, to be honest, you got it with your armor. I'm tired of explaining the same thing 5 times. I am not calling for the closure of all enterprises with a similar name, but only to pay more attention to the enterprises affiliated with Agora-Center. Agora is simply used by me as an external sign, for designation and nothing more. Low brain activity does not allow you to understand this from the 5th time? I hope the question is closed? And the prospect of talking with a tree does not impress me.

                      Of course important, you take it easy. I say, decaying Europe led by Germany is about to die, wait. Am I contradicting you?

                      You do not contradict, you play up. Your opinion on this issue is rather difficult to understand. Reread the previous paragraph, I don't want to repeat myself hi

                      Or is this your reaction to the fact of Yezhov's sodomy? Then it's interesting.

                      I think you can discuss this interesting topic in a circle of like-minded people, it has nothing to do with this article. hi

                      Yes, yes, you are right, just don't be nervous. So did VV change your personal attitude towards Putin, the fact that he not only took an active part in the creation of the Yeltsin Center as Prime Minister and then President, but also as a private person sponsored this institution?

                      What do you mean changed? belay Do you think you opened my eyes? laughing This is nothing new to me, I remember very well how the transfer of power was carried out and I believe that the "family" was given certain guarantees. In my opinion, this is a reasonable compromise, there was no democratic tank shooting at parliaments. He keeps his word and behaves politely, so to speak, within the bounds of decency. This does not in any way change my attitude to the pack of hyenas entrenched in the Yeltsin Center.
                      1. -2
                        11 February 2021 23: 48
                        Quote: 123
                        On the contrary? That is, you think that you are seriously sure that Germany has a maximum of a year left to "rot"? As you slip away from the answer.

                        Do you want to discuss when Germany will fall apart? I think this question is not worth it in the near historical perspective. As for the RF.

                        Quote: 123
                        I have no problem with Agoraphobia, to be honest, you got it with your armor. I'm tired of explaining the same thing 5 times.

                        Admitting a problem is halfway to healing. So work on yourself.
                        Imagine what it feels like for me to communicate with people like you, mind you, it is you who are responding to my comments, not me to yours ..

                        Quote: 123
                        I think you can discuss this interesting topic in a circle of like-minded people, it has nothing to do with this article.

                        The topic of decaying gayevropy? I'm afraid, except for your kind of jingoistic patriots, it is of little interest to anyone.

                        Quote: 123
                        What do you mean changed? Do you think you opened my eyes?

                        Admit it, you didn’t know that Putin transferred from his personal funds to the Yeltsin Center.
                        Do you think that the transfer of funds from your own pocket is also within the framework of the agreement? And the pronunciation of touching speeches at the grave of Yeltsin also make him? Poor thing, how must I suffer. And actually, why do you go broke then? While Putin is in power, there will be nothing with Yeltsin's center. I can advise you to vote against Putin, maybe the next one will reconsider the attitude towards the center you hate.
                      2. 123
                        +1
                        12 February 2021 14: 02
                        Do you want to discuss when Germany will fall apart? I think this question is not worth it in the near historical perspective. As for the RF.

                        Not really. It just turns out that these words of yours are just a concussion.

                        The stagnation of economies over the course of a decade was a prerequisite for 91 years.

                        Admitting a problem is halfway to healing. So work on yourself.

                        Thanks for the advice. Are you sure that after the fifth time you understood the essence of the problem? winked

                        Imagine how it feels for me to communicate with people like you,

                        It's hard to imagine, but surely it's not easy for you. But you should not reproach me, I show maximum patience and repeat to you 5 times until you understand the meaning of what is written.

                        mind you, it is you who are responding to my comments, not me to yours ..

                        For the sake of fairness, there is also the opposite situation, I respond to your comments.
                        In this particular case, yes, I probably have a "professional deformation", years of work with all sorts of information, reports .... the eye automatically clings to all sorts of absurdities. From your "pearls" I have "blood from my eyes."

                        Admit it, you didn’t know that Putin transferred from his personal funds to the Yeltsin Center.

                        I am at a loss to answer your question precisely, perhaps I have met this information, in general it did not become a revelation for me.

                        Do you think that the transfer of funds from your own pocket is also within the framework of the agreement?

                        No, rather, these are the "rules of the game", the usual politeness.

                        And the pronunciation of touching speeches at the grave of Yeltsin also make him?

                        ABOUT !!! Do you find Putin's speeches touching?belay A person usually makes speeches at the same level in different situations. It would be strange if it were different in this case.

                        Poor thing, how must I suffer. And actually, why do you go broke then?

                        Why is he suffering? its' his job. What makes you think that I'm going broke? request I quite calmly, patiently explain my point of view to you.

                        I can advise you to vote against Putin, maybe the next one will reconsider the attitude towards the center you hate.

                        I will somehow figure out who I vote for without you sad
                        And the center itself is of little interest to me, rather the citizens who have entrenched themselves there are interesting.
    2. 123
      +2
      8 February 2021 18: 30
      With regard to democracy, Yavlinsky's statement seems to be quite accurate:

      "Reflections" of a loser rated "kefir" laughing Why did I remember ... "If you are so smart, why so poor?" winked

      Regarding "a storm will break out" - the scale of the personality over the past 100 years has been greatly reduced (there are few real violent), but Russia does not need to be broken without development.
      That's it, we've arrived. This is a dead end, which in 10 years may lead to a new "restructuring".

      That is, you have no doubts about the need for scrapping? How do others live without it for centuries? Can you try to develop without a "storm"? And those who want to break everything, send the Northern Sea Route to master? With a pick at the ready ... sad
      1. 0
        8 February 2021 18: 50
        I would send them "Yeltsin-Center" to reconstruct the House of Children's Art laughing
        1. 123
          0
          9 February 2021 08: 53
          I would send them "Yeltsin-Center" to reconstruct the House of Children's Art

          This is not a very suitable place for children. The room needs processing. Censer, holy water is unlikely to help, rather napalm is needed.
      2. -2
        8 February 2021 19: 09
        Quote: 123
        "Reflections" of a loser rated "kefir"

        does it prevent him from thinking? if you have something to argue with him - go ahead Yes

        Quote: 123
        With a kyle at the ready

        There would be a man, but there is a scrapbook wink
        Let's imagine for a moment - here you personally want a "left turn" - what tools do you have for this? request
        1. 123
          0
          8 February 2021 19: 17
          does it prevent him from thinking? if you have something to argue with him - go ahead

          Let him think, for more he will not do. Why would he mind? He is looking for an excuse for his failure. Don't upset the person.

          Let's imagine for a moment - here you personally want a "left turn" - what tools do you have for this?

          Would you like me to develop a program of action for you? winked A crisis of creative thought? smile
          Moreover, you mean a riddle by "left turn". Maybe it's a steep dive with swirls along the course.
          1. -1
            8 February 2021 19: 20
            Quote: 123
            Maybe this

            Maybe this, or maybe that. Leave your pejorative propaganda ploy to someone younger. Let us fix it - you have no "tight" answers to my questions. Good evening hi
            1. 123
              +1
              8 February 2021 19: 22
              Let us fix it - you have no "tight" answers to my questions. Good evening

              Did you expect something else? belay Are you asking a strange question and waiting for an answer? I have no idea what you count as a left turn. And good night to you hi
  4. -4
    8 February 2021 08: 59
    An accident happened. The shop stood up. All the bosses go to the 6th grade locksmith, the foreman, and ask: "What to do?" Because the bosses, starting from the foremen, neither maintained this equipment and never worked on it. And so everywhere! You come to the housing office, master woman. I'm not against women, but you need to know the basics, and not just poke a finger at a locksmith to fix a malfunction. The military is commanded by those who have not served in the army. By space, journalists - philologists, etc. Mediocrity has fallen to power! They do not need the literate, they need the managed. Where did this elite come from and how did it rise? Thieves, the most common! For 30 years nothing has been created. Putin himself said more than once: "They steal!" Why did they take up arms against Grudinin? Yes, he really showed what can be done for people and the country in the current conditions! And everyone admired him, they went on excursions to him. Until he wanted to become president! It's the same story with Furgal. When a competent person is put at the "helm", and not with a purchased education, the result is instant! And all the current elite ...

    ... a place in the cell for life, yearns for them.
    1. -8
      8 February 2021 09: 13
      - My plus, Mr. Steelmaker ...
    2. +2
      8 February 2021 09: 30
      There was only one way out - to go and shoot yourself. laughing

      Nothing has been created in 30 years? Do you yourself believe that? Problems, of course, we have - up to our throats, but why nightmare?
      1. avg
        +1
        8 February 2021 13: 34
        So the steelmaker has two sentences:
        1. Everyone go to ... the locksmith.
        2. Furgalu - a bandyugan from the 2000s.
        1. -3
          8 February 2021 14: 20
          Who is the authority for you? Besides Putin, of course. I'm just curious.
          1. avg
            +2
            8 February 2021 15: 27
            Do not make yourself an idol. Yes
            1. -2
              8 February 2021 18: 07
              Is this all your education? Besides Putin, you don’t know any other full names, or is it just a shame to name them? So I say: "Putin gathered mediocrity around him and shines against their background!"
      2. -3
        8 February 2021 14: 18
        What is created? For example. I've already heard about the Crimean Bridge. And most importantly, if something has been created, why does it not affect the well-being of the people? Where are the results of the created and who uses these results?
        1. +2
          8 February 2021 16: 17
          What is created? Well, you give. How many new weapons are entering the troops, albeit not as quickly as we would like. How many large-capacity ships, nuclear-powered icebreakers have been built in recent years, the first floating nuclear power plant in the world. We have our own aircraft engines, in particular, PD-14 (on the approach of PD-8 for SSJ-100 and PD-35), a domestic Elbrus processor has been created, which is not inferior to foreign counterparts (it is about to go into series for installation on computers for government agencies). Our harvesters are no longer inferior to imported ones (they are even exported to Germany), we already provide ourselves with meat and other products, and much, much more has been done.

          People involved in the production of all of the above, believe me, have already managed to feel the difference between "as it was" and "as it was." Another thing is that the problem points (including those that need to be URGENTLY closed) are no less than achievements, so no one argues with this. But there is no need to turn into "all-footed people"! As well as forget about the fact that everything is good only in paradise, and we live in real life. Tell me at least one country where there are no problems of their own.
          1. 0
            8 February 2021 17: 57
            We've got a new boss. I will do it for you, I will do it for you. Straight dear father! I built it, did it, but our salary decreased by 20%, the staff was reduced to a minimum, and the work increased accordingly. And what he built is no longer a joy to us, and we don't need it anymore. Broke the Soviet, built the Chinese. Everything has already crumbled. So are you, straight "dear father".
            I don't give a damn about other countries with their problems. We have everything to avoid these problems. There are no educated people who solve these problems. By the way, show off your education, name the countries where the salary of a steelmaker is 30-40 thousand rubles ($ 405 -540)
            PS You are working on soldering well.
            1. +1
              8 February 2021 20: 23
              Quote: steel maker
              So are you, straight "dear father"

              You asked me a specific question.

              Quote: steel maker
              What is created? For example. I've already heard about the Crimean bridge

              I gave you a specific answer to it, and you go over to the individual. Nothing to cover?

              Quote: steel maker
              I don't give a damn about other countries with their problems. We have everything to avoid these problems

              I also love my country, but I don’t think that we have ever had or will have a paradise free of problems. They were, are, and will be. Let me tell you a secret: there were enough of them in the Soviet Union, and in abundance.

              Quote: steel maker
              By the way, show off your education, name the countries where the salary of a steelmaker is 30-40 thousand rubles ($ 405 -540)

              This is called erudition, not education. Shine for a start you. Name the countries where this wage is higher, educate my ignorance (I really was not interested in this).

              Quote: steel maker
              PS You are working on soldering well.

              Whose soldering am I working on? Shine with education. Or don’t just ring the bell.
              1. -1
                9 February 2021 03: 17
                You write such an article about the elite, and then, foaming at the mouth, defend the leader of this elite. Without Putin, this elite would have been on bunks long ago, starting with Chubais! Are you a provocateur? And without you, we have already decided who is who! So it turns out - you work out the soldering, with this elite !!!
                1. 0
                  9 February 2021 09: 23
                  Yes, even up to the amount of foam that you emit, I like to Everest. If I express a disagreement with your point of view, this does not mean that I am working on someone's ration. My point of view has not changed for many years, and I am deeply indifferent that someone might disagree with this. I do not force anyone to agree with me. I only urged not to smear everything with black paint, and I gave examples of why this should not be done. You seem to be an adult, you should understand that life is not chess, where on the one hand there are white, on the other - black, and all the fields are square. And Putin, in my understanding, is a person who was able to somehow make this elite work, for which I do not have any warm feelings. Hence the achievements that I have listed, and to which you have nothing to argue with except a spray of saliva.

                  I am offended by your assumptions about venality, but judging by the way you build, your speech, and not only with me, it is pointless to insist that you apologize for your own rudeness. This is your usual behavior, as I understand it. However, I will be glad to be mistaken if I still hear an apology. Otherwise, don't make assumptions in the spirit of Theresa May with her "highley like", but give the facts. Whose ration I am specifically working on. Otherwise, everything you say is a banal lie, unsubstantiated and very miserable. In the style of women’s gossip on the bench at the entrance, when you don’t need to be responsible for what weaves our own language.
                  1. 0
                    9 February 2021 21: 12
                    Yes, you have started hysterics. Drink 100 gr, or better 200 gr. helps!
                    1. The comment was deleted.
            2. 123
              0
              9 February 2021 09: 10
              By the way, show off your education, name the countries where the salary of a steelmaker is 30-40 thousand rubles ($ 405 -540)

              Here are all sorts of not good newspapers about communist China write terrible things. And China, by the way, is the leader in the industry.

              If we talk about the amount of remuneration in the industry, the highest salaries are offered to applicants in the IT industry, telecommunications and construction: 91 thousand, 84 thousand and 81 thousand rubles. respectively. The researchers emphasize that the analysis of proposals was made at the "leading specialist" and "specialist" levels, excluding the entry level and managers. At the same time, the lowest salaries are offered to catering workers and specialists employed in metallurgy: 43 thousand and 40,5 thousand rubles. respectively.

              https://www.ng.ru/economics/2019-07-11/1_4_7621_job.html

              As the owner of 10 diplomas and a scientific degree, you probably know what competition is, the cost of production, the share of wages in it.
              Maybe you should go to public catering? There seems to be more salary what
              1. +1
                9 February 2021 21: 25
                You also say that you can live on macaroshkas!

                To you as a holder of 10 diplomas

                You also say: If I'm so smart, why not rich? "I don't know how to put my brains in a row. Did they accidentally kick you with your feet?
                1. 123
                  -1
                  9 February 2021 22: 23
                  You also say that you can live on macaroshkas!

                  Believe it or not, as a last resort it is possible, but undesirable. I read it like the memoirs of an officer of a Russian squadron. On the way off the coast of Japan, he described the diet like this - today they were given pasta, a surrogate for porridge. Macaroshki is more likely to fill a tummy on the cheap, there are not many benefits from them.

                  Did they accidentally kick you?

                  Well, why, it happened. And poked with a knife. The padded jacket turns out to be very useful for health, only the skin is slightly spoiled. And you? smile I suppose you also have a desire to try? laughing I have to disappoint if I can do it myself a little. In general, do not worry, the truth of life is it, I don't always like it hi
                  1. -1
                    10 February 2021 08: 47
                    Well why, it happened

                    For some reason I understood so.
    3. +1
      8 February 2021 10: 14
      Quote: steel maker
      When a competent person is put at the "helm", and not with a purchased education, the result is instant! And all the current elite ...

      Personal view of a man from a smoking room in a workshop of the last century. It is primitive to the point of impossibility. It would be in your opinion, the country would have been gone for a long time ... You can’t talk about the country, whatever it is, looking out of a muddy window. Why did they take up arms against Grudinin? Yes, because he worked dimly, and he got away with something, but when he went to the polls, he drew close attention to himself, which showed (revealed) his entire dull nature. It's the same with Furgal .... You may not understand this, but there are criminal cases and are more statutory than those of Furgal, which are being disclosed today. And there are many reasons for this that you do not know.

      Quote: steel maker
      When a competent person is put at the helm, and not with a purchased education, the result is instant!

      Can you cite at least one with a purchased education in the cabinet of ministers, or at least in the government of the subject, or even in your city hall? Carrying utter nonsense and thinking "shine" with your mind ... Maybe it's better to open-hearth, if you know what it is?
      1. -2
        8 February 2021 14: 29
        You leave your bunker and look around. Name the educated in the cabinet. For example. What have they done so educated that I must believe that they have not bought education! For example!
        1. +2
          8 February 2021 16: 04
          Quote: steel maker
          What have they done so educated that I must believe that they have not bought education!

          On the subject of faith, this is the church. If you accuse, then you need to know for sure. You don't know, but you claim. Because the price for your words is not high ...
          1. -2
            8 February 2021 18: 13
            I am not accusing anyone, I am stating the facts! What our government is doing is not necessary for this education, it is enough not to have a conscience !! Maybe that's why Putin is constantly shown in the church?
            1. -1
              8 February 2021 19: 15
              Quote: steel maker
              I am not accusing anyone, I am stating the facts!

              Then you believe, then you give the facts .... You really decide. In fact, you yourself do not know what you are writing.

              Quote: steel maker
              Maybe that's why Putin is constantly shown in the church?

              Probably, that is why they show Putin that there is no point in showing you. Obviously, you have no achievements to show you, but here you teach the government to work !!!
            2. 0
              8 February 2021 19: 34
              That is, since it happens in the Church, then there is no conscience? The logic, of course, is simply incredible.
    4. +1
      9 February 2021 23: 58
      An accident happened. The shop stood up. All the chiefs go to the 6th grade locksmith, the foreman, and ask: "What to do?" Because the bosses, starting from the foremen, did not maintain this equipment and never worked on it. And so everywhere! You come to the housing office, master woman. I'm not against women, but you need to know the basics, and not just poke your finger at the locksmith to fix the malfunction. The military is commanded by those who have not served in the army. By space, journalists - philologists, etc.

      The other day one "revolutionary" was imprisoned.
      Let him sit, and duck the ducks out of the bread crumbs.
      Maybe the zone will teach you how Bali differs from Magadan.
      And the revolution from cutting donations. sad
  5. -3
    8 February 2021 09: 39
    New faces in Russian politics: the likelihood of their appearance and the way to come to power

    - The topic is very interesting; but ... but ... but the author (like so many "authors") ... - does not say (or does not see; or does not want to see) the main thing ...
    - And what is the "main thing" ... - And the "main" is that ... what ... that the new power and the ways of coming to power .... are the power and the ways of expropriation.; those. - this is the "power of expropriation" and ... and the initial path of this power ... is expropriation and nationalization ...
    - Who today can nationalize and expropriate something ??? - Who has the spirit (courage) for this ??? - Enough solidarity and unity ???
    - Here is V. I. Lenin once ... - at the I All-Russian Congress of Soviets in 1917 ... he said: "There is such a party !!!" ... -
    - Today ; more than 100 years later ... - who can say that ??? - Only communists ...
    - But the communists today are simply weak and decorative ... - and those who mimic the communists ... - Social Democrats (and all kinds of "sympathizers") are even weaker ...
    - LDPR ??? - But for her, her finest hour has already passed ... and she will soon precipitate ... - Zhirinovsky is already old and as soon as he retires and moves on to writing memoirs; then on the second day the entire LDPR will simply fall apart and leave the political arena ...
    - Well, and there is nothing to say about the other games ... - everything is clear here anyway ...
    - So who will expropriate and nationalize ??? - There are no such people now!
    - And without espr-ii and national-ii, nothing can happen ... - Only one empty talking shop and an attempt to watch with hope and emotion ... how ... how ... how ... - wolves and sheep suddenly there will be one sunny lawn ... - "some" will graze peacefully and carefree ... - and "others" will guard them and take care of them ... - Hahah ... - Only ... - Hahah ...
    1. +1
      8 February 2021 11: 36
      What is the problem? Write yourself about what you think is most important. Only my advice to you - put fewer dots. It looks like a transcript of an asthmatic's speech.
      1. -6
        8 February 2021 12: 05
        put fewer dots. It looks like a transcript of an asthmatic's speech.

        - And "that ... py..e" numerous minuses, diligently sprinkled "too diligently" ... - what do they look like ??? - On the failed attempts of the mentally retarded, to portray something ??? - It's better to split these minuses into dots ... - And then ... the man does not understand what he has read and blurs a minus; and another man ... - even more "smart" ... - imitates him, that is, just monkey ... - And both ... - these little men ... - both turn into minuses, and after them there remains ... - just an ellipsis ...
        1. +1
          8 February 2021 12: 36
          Oh, the long-suffering Russian language! .. Or not, not so.

          Oh ... a lot ... a lot ... suffering ... distant ... Russian I ... language ...
        2. avg
          +2
          8 February 2021 13: 43
          Oh, these little people. They prevent Gorenina herself from self-realization. Stop minus! Irina speaks to you - such a lump, such a hardened human being!
  6. +1
    8 February 2021 11: 58
    Good article! Thank you, Artem! An extensive method of change is still better than an intensive ... revolution! No matter how they criticized the abolition of serfdom (weak reform, land from landowners, etc.), the impetus for the development of Russia was given. And what did the uprisings of Bulavin, Razin, Pugachev give?
    Here we work at any enterprise ... bosses are not elected. And yet you can see WHO really works! I think those at the top also understand that there is a limit to everything ... we need to bring in the pros, otherwise we will finally reach the bottom.
  7. +1
    8 February 2021 12: 00
    In the modern world, everything is different: only one who shares the principles of the ruling elite and has proven in practice his readiness to follow them in any situation can make a career in power structures

    Throughout the history of the world, the ruling class was and still are different groups, each of which pursues its own interests, often diametrically opposed.
    This leads to undercover intrigues and confrontation, the aggravation of which leads to social upheavals, which makes it impossible for the ruling group to maintain its domination unchanged.
    Changes can occur as a result of its defeat of the ruling group or its association with one or more others, which in one way or another changes the alignment of forces and leads to certain economic, political, military, personnel, managerial and other changes in the state, its internal and external politics.
    This is an evolutionary way of changing the ruling group.
    Another option is revolutionary, five features of which are set forth by V.I. Ulyanov-Lenin:
    The inability for the ruling classes to maintain their rule unchanged
    Aggravation of the plagues of the oppressed classes
    The increase in the activity of the masses, attracted by the opposition groups of the ruling class to mass demonstrations, strong enough to break the government, which will never, even in times of crises, fall if it is not dropped.

    changes in power circles in the late 90s - early 2000s

    1. The 1991 coup d'état led by Yeltsin was the result of the presence of all five signs of a revolutionary situation in the USSR due to the theoretical illiteracy of the leadership of the CPSU and the departure from the Leninist understanding of Socialism as a transitional stage and a compromise with signs of two different social systems, the isolation of the leadership of the party, government and leaders of large business entities from the people, the formal socialization of production.
    2. The coup d'état resulted in a struggle in which any means are good for the division of former public property and the creation of a class of large capitalist oligarchs.
    3. V.V. Putin gradually placed big capital within the legal framework and subordinated it to state interests, created mechanisms for controlling and regulating entrepreneurship, trade, pricing, lending, money circulation, nationalized strategically important enterprises and stopped the outright robbery of the country.

    it is impossible not to notice that Lenin, Trotsky, Sverdlov, Dzerzhinsky and Stalin, who, by the way, did not have experience in public administration, turned out to be incomparably more competent

    Not all the leaders of the Great October Socialist Revolution were experts in Marxism, but they all went through the brutal school of class struggle and the management of large masses and were themselves part of these masses.
    Talent is revealed only in the presence of favorable conditions, and the change of power cleared the field for the emergence of new talented leaders in all areas, and these people were personally responsible for the mistakes made, regardless of merit.
    The so-called Stalinist economy focused on physical indicators and a system of non-market management, which was fundamentally different from the Lenin New Economic Policy and was a forced measure on the eve of the Great Patriotic War.
    In the post-war period, the restoration of the national economy and the threat of a nuclear war required the mobilization of all forces and did not allow a return to the Leninist New Economic Policy, and after the death of J.V. Stalin, the last theorist of Marxism in the USSR, the party was headed by careerists, who, according to V. V. Putin - did not know what to do, and therefore the so-called. the Stalinist economy actually existed until the collapse of the USSR and, in fact, became its cause.
    1. 0
      8 February 2021 16: 33
      I beg your pardon, but Lenin named THREE signs of a revolutionary situation. However, like you.
      1. +2
        8 February 2021 20: 37
        There are three main signs of a revolutionary situation and two conditions - the transfer of power from one class to another, without which all revolutions are reduced to replacing one form of exploitation with another and the presence of a political party capable of taking power into its own hands.
        1. 0
          8 February 2021 21: 02
          Now it's clear what you mean. Thank you.
  8. The comment was deleted.
  9. -1
    8 February 2021 12: 40
    There is one face. They planted.
    There was another face recently. Before applying for candidates, I ran to my daddy / family friend in the Kremlin to ask permission.
    There were other 2 independent and !!! popular 2 persons. Both were killed in plane crashes.

    The rest are all old. Friends, kids, Members ....

    Oh yes. One recently improvised, moved suddenly from the left. He is still fighting off lawsuits, although he was once a confidant of Himself ...
    1. The comment was deleted.
    2. 0
      8 February 2021 13: 00
      Give specific names, otherwise there are a lot of stories to tell about such "some persons". Or make it up.
      1. -2
        8 February 2021 14: 28
        Whoever wanted it understood.
        Who didn’t want to don’t care.

        ))) And his full name is too well known that even he himself does not call him
        1. 0
          8 February 2021 16: 41
          Q.E.D. Draw a semblance of the "Black Square", and answer the question of what is shown in the picture

          Quote: Sergey Latyshev
          Whoever wanted it understood.

          Said "a", it would be nice to say "b". And it turns out something similar to the usual concussion of the air, sorry, keys. Sorry, if it came out rude, I didn't mean to offend.
          1. 0
            9 February 2021 12: 21
            Especially for those who are not ................. or the uninformed (I have never considered you as such, ASK, but you are writing about the elite))))
            Navalny, Sobchak, Fedorov, Swan, Grudinin
            1. 0
              9 February 2021 12: 33
              It was so clear about Lebedev, Navalny and Grudinin. I just didn’t want omissions, we need to speak in detail.

              In this regard, the question: Do you seriously think that Navalny is a worthy candidate for power ??? This time.

              The swan flew in a helicopter in very bad weather, he himself ordered to take off. Why be surprised? In 1981, the entire leadership of the Pacific Fleet died in a plane crash, because they did not want to listen to the pilots that the plane was overloaded and it was dangerous to take off. There are a lot of such cases. After all, our bosses often think that they are smarter than specialists. These are two.

              And Fedorov has something to do with it? These are three.
              1. 0
                9 February 2021 12: 44
                1) No. But remember the proverb about the soldier and the general?

                2) 2 worthy candidates. Both crashed relatively soon after Boris left.
                And from the unworthy, no one somehow suffered for all the time ...
                As there? Coincidence? - ........
                1. 0
                  9 February 2021 13: 09
                  Is the swan after the Khasavyurt plum a worthy candidate? I will repeat the second question: what does Fedorov have to do with it? Or so: how was Fedorov so worthy as a politician? This is just interest, nothing more.

                  There is one very important principle: after - does not mean due. Christophe de Margerie, when he crashed, also howled in the style of "Sechin ordered", etc. So this is just your guess. Are there any facts?
                  1. 0
                    9 February 2021 13: 26
                    2) There are plenty of politicians around.
                    As well as "experts, political scientists", etc.

                    1) Decent, unworthy .... it's not for everybody. 20 years have passed, now everything can be written. Popular and active. Was. Now there is no.

                    3) Facts ... but they never exist ...
                    1. 0
                      9 February 2021 13: 28
                      Quote: Sergey Latyshev
                      3) There was no court. Consequently, the recognized facts too

                      That's right. And everything else is from the evil one.

                      Shl. You never said anything about Fedorov. But I do not insist. We can put a point. Still, it's nice to talk to a person who articulates thoughts clearly.
                      1. -1
                        9 February 2021 15: 37
                        Shl. You didn't ask. hoped you remember this.
                        What to say? 20 years have passed. You can compose something.

                        The main thing is the time of death after Boris. It is immediately clear which people will survive ...
  10. -1
    9 February 2021 00: 01
    The only way out for us is to repeat the seventeenth year. It seems that Lenin is not visible on the political horizon, but who knows? The Russian land has not become scarce in its talents. Well, if not, then all of us die, a matter of time.
    1. 0
      9 February 2021 00: 18
      Death to all of us anyway, it's only a matter of time laughing
    2. +1
      9 February 2021 00: 19
      You don't seem to understand what happened in 1917.
  11. 0
    12 February 2021 12: 40
    For the sake of stability, you have to endure theft and corruption ... Without cleaning, nothing will change. Even the fighters turned their organs into organized crime groups, like the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the GP, the UK ...