Spiegel: Transformation of Hagia Sophia into a mosque directed against Russia

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Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan exacerbates tensions with Moscow, because the transformation of Hagia Sophia into a mosque is directed against Russia, the German magazine Spiegel writes.

On July 10, 2020, the Turkish authorities showed their disregard for the opinions of other countries. Almost simultaneously, the decisions of the Supreme Court, the State Council and the head of the Turkish state on the annulment of the resolution of 1934, according to which Hagia Sophia received the status of a museum, were followed.



In 1453, Sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople and turned the center of Orthodoxy into the Hagia Sophia mosque. Now Erdogan is trying to draw a historical parallel and on July 24, 2020, the mosque should begin to work.

The Russian Orthodox Church is terrified of what happened, because after the fall of Byzantium, it was Moscow that became the defender of Orthodoxy. Greece, where Orthodoxy is enshrined in the Constitution, is openly threatening Turkey. The countries of the Balkan Peninsula also expressed their indignation. Christians around the world, and not only Orthodox, perceived Ankara’s actions as an insult.

Metropolitan Hilarion, vicar of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, reported about "a blow to Orthodoxy." He has no doubt that the re-transformation will definitely affect the attitude of Russia and the entire Christian world towards Turkey. In his opinion, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul has the same meaning as the St. Peter's in Rome. He stressed that the world cultural heritage should not be held hostage political games and personal ambitions.

The World Council of Churches has also criticized Turkey’s actions. The organization, uniting hundreds of millions of believers, talked about "grief and confusion." They believe that Turkey has taken the path of "alienation and separation", deciding to turn the past.

Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Glushko, in turn, said that there are not many symbols left in the world that can influence the development of mankind, and Hagia Sophia is one of them. Now Moscow expects from Ankara actions to protect the building, as well as that it will remain open to all who wish. Moreover, the US authorities completely share this point of view and call the conversion of Hagia Sophia into a mosque a "bad" decision, writes German media.
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  1. 0
    12 July 2020 13: 24
    We urgently need to sell him another S-350. And the Su-57. And a little Armat. Then he will definitely not trample "against Russia".
    1. +1
      12 July 2020 13: 28
      Or maybe a couple of calibers in specials. equipping with its own power? !!!
      1. +1
        13 July 2020 00: 47
        It is also possible. However, he will not pay for them.

        And money is sacred for the elite ... for gas, for S-400, tangerines there, tourists ....
        1. +1
          13 July 2020 09: 51
          Why won't he pay? He will pay - with the lives of his subjects. When these "Gauges" explode, reaching

          by one's own course
          1. +2
            13 July 2020 13: 45
            And he does not care? On the contrary, excess loot floats in the hands. The Patriots or S-400 will urgently have to buy, require fighters - interceptors, fraternal help from Trump and Shoigu at the same time, etc. from friends.

            Lafa!
            1. 0
              23 July 2020 18: 31
              The freebie cannot last long - this is the law ... Usually then reckoning comes ... and such reckoning that you begin to regret that you pulled the freebie ...
              1. 0
                23 July 2020 18: 35
                What a freebie? Turkey is confidently heading forward both in terms of economy and the Armed Forces.

                It’s not a freebie, it’s development assistance, the ability to train troops, get gas, adopt technologies, etc.
  2. +2
    12 July 2020 14: 15
    It's not even "aggression" against Christianity - it's just a show: my country, my buildings, my will.
    Populism. I did not expect this from such a tough politician. He in my eyes became Trump.
  3. +7
    12 July 2020 15: 36
    Erdogan has always been an Islamist. How much can you remind about this. True, some argue that he is a "moderate Islamist." But I have not met such. Is he building his empire? But I always knew that Turkey can never become a stronghold of Islam. There are several reasons for this. It is of a religious nature.
    And the fact that he is not an ally of Moscow is well known in the Kremlin. Temporary travel companion. And by his actions he reduces this time.
    Tourists will not go to the mosque. And this is perfectly understood by everyone in the world. Yes, and tourists will not be allowed into the mosque during prayer. Or will tourists take off their shoes at the entrance?
    1. -4
      12 July 2020 16: 10
      There are no allies in nature. Everyone has their own interests. Tourists will go to the mosque! Mecca collects tourists. And religion does not prohibit visiting non-Gentiles churches. And what is the problem of taking off your shoes? Are you taking off your hat in the temple?
      1. +6
        12 July 2020 16: 14
        As you wish. I went to the mosque a couple of times. Just a couple of times. The hat is not shoes. Yes, and you can’t look outsiders during prayer. And paintings (frescoes) on the walls should not be. What should a tourist look at? On bent backs?
        1. -8
          12 July 2020 16: 43
          Do you know what Jesus and Virgin Mary looked like? Caught them personally? So, all the images are FALSE, and they should not be. Jesus among Muslims is the same prophet as Mohamed. And what to look at in church? For gold and bent backs? On corpses stolen for souvenirs without the desire of the owner and his relatives called holy relics? A hat - not shoes? Do you come in with boots? And then you went to visit God, and not to the drinking buddy on your birthday.
          1. +9
            12 July 2020 17: 57
            Well, I heard that too. Of course I do not know and have not seen. But I heard that God is not in stone, but inside everyone. And I do not need a church to communicate with God. Neither a mosque, nor a synagogue, nor a church. And I also do not need a mediator like a bearded priest or a mullah.
            I was in a mosque and in the Church. In my atheistic opinion, the Church has something to look at. Inside the Mosque, I saw only people and did not see God. In the Church, I saw works of Art.
            For life, I do not need either one or the other. But you must admit that the Church has something to see.



          2. 0
            12 July 2020 21: 00
            About Mary there is a description: fair-haired (long braids) with a wheat complexion, a slender beauty. Today she is portrayed as a dark-skinned woman in a cap on her head that her hair is not visible! Hide? Christ is an athletic man 178-180 cm in height with a long forked beard, mathematician, poet, philosopher, athlete, great humanist. According to GA Zyuganov, "the first communist on earth" ... At the end of his life, he was the Byzantine emperor, died as a result of a conspiracy of the nobility in the empire. Christ is a real historical character, whose biography can be found in the secular chronicle. As for Muslims, they can also be considered Christians (the Prophet Mohamed is no different from Christ) - the only difference is in rituals. For example, I cannot immediately, right away, distinguish an Old Believer Christian from a Muslim. In addition, Muslim mosques are decorated with the same symbols as Christian ones: "a crescent moon with a star." So what's the scandal? Once, Islam emerged from Christianity into a separate religion, as it seems to them (late 16th - early 17th century A.D.). Now the alleged "Muslim country" has seized an ancient historical monument-temple? If fewer shuffling tourists visit this monument, then maybe this masterpiece of art will be better preserved for future generations?
            1. +1
              12 July 2020 23: 51
              A new word in world history, your opus.
            2. +3
              13 July 2020 08: 24
              I consider an alternative story only as an option for a possible development of events. What you wrote is to Fomenko.
              1. -1
                13 July 2020 09: 36
                And what's wrong? Fomenko thinks the same. Textbook Story - First Instance Truth? The banal story is replete with contradictions and "riddles", it is the same version of the past as Fomenko's. Only in the latter, many questions are removed, while the "historians" multiply their fantasies when they try to somehow explain the obvious "bloopers", or they do not bother themselves with some kind of evidence! The most powerful "proof" of historians: "to reread more attentively the textbook of the secondary school" - can still be called, humiliated. But this is already an indicator of the culture of the dispute, although, as a rule, there is no dispute on their part ...
                1. +2
                  13 July 2020 09: 56
                  Want a cultural argument?
                  You wrote that Islam stood out from Christianity in the 16th century. So now is the 400th year of the Hijra? And in what year did the Turks take Constantinople? A hundred years ago? Or 200?
                  Fomenko's "bloopers" cannot be explained at all.
                  Was Christ the Byzantine emperor? And when was he? Before the capture of Constantinople by the Turks or after? And now what year is it from the birth of Christ?
                  1. -1
                    13 July 2020 10: 12
                    "At Fomenko and Nosovsky" (at the same time!) Everything is just normally explained. Church of St. Sofia was built not earlier than the 16th century from brick of the correct form. Suleiman the Magnificent built a temple for the first time of such cyclopean dimensions in history. The next Suleiman 2 strengthened the walls of the temple with special "bulls" made of the same brick. When did brick making technology appear? So much for the dating of the beginning of construction. And what is the "year of Hijri" - decide for yourself! This is a question for the authors of the Quran. "Turks" took Constantinople in 1453, and what does this change in Fomenko's approach? The middle of the 15th century, in a few decades, Suleiman 1 will begin to build a CHRISTIAN temple of enormous dimensions unprecedented to a village! What are the questions?
                    1. +3
                      13 July 2020 10: 29
                      That is, the Turks took Constantinople in 1453 from the birth of Christ. So when did Christ live?
                      1. -1
                        13 July 2020 10: 35
                        The same authors solved this problem - the date of birth of Christ. Take the trouble to familiarize yourself with the proofs in the book "Tsar of the Slavs" (from the Internet!) - be patient (as I once did!) And try to master at least the first chapter ...
                      2. +2
                        13 July 2020 10: 42
                        I "mastered" these "works" 10 years ago.
                        You wanted a discussion? What do not answer? The question is simple. When did Jesus Christ live according to Fomenko and Nosovsky? I know the answer.
                      3. 0
                        13 July 2020 10: 44
                        And I know - why are you asking?
                      4. +1
                        13 July 2020 10: 45
                        To prove the insolvency of Nosovsky and Fomenko. And yours.
                      5. 0
                        13 July 2020 10: 46
                        Prove it! What is the matter?
                      6. +1
                        13 July 2020 10: 46
                        So will I get an answer or not?
                      7. -1
                        13 July 2020 10: 48
                        The answer in the book is - what do you want to learn from me?
                      8. +1
                        13 July 2020 10: 50
                        But say that they do not argue with Fomenko. They argue. He just does not know what to answer.
                        I understand that you do not know the answer. Or he does not suit you.
                        One more question. Where according to Fomenko and Nosovsky was Jerusalem and Israel in the time of Christ?
                      9. +1
                        13 July 2020 10: 52
                        To blame. The argument is over. Registration on the 12th. That says a lot. I feel sorry for my time.
                      10. 0
                        13 July 2020 10: 55
                        I also spend on meaningless bickering. Mid 12th century. It is confirmed by independent dating methods. I also have to leave - see you! Waiting for your evidence.
                      11. +1
                        13 July 2020 10: 56
                        The argument is over. I don’t talk with trolls.
                      12. 0
                        13 July 2020 14: 13
                        That's all the "proof" - you are not the first one in my memory ...
                      13. +2
                        13 July 2020 14: 36
                        In 2004, for the series of books on the “New Chronology”, the creators of the theory were awarded the “Paragraph” antipremia in the nomination Honorary Illiteracy - for "particularly cynical crimes against Russian literature."
                        ------
                        The answers of the authors of the New Chronology to early criticism and subsequent critical publications were extremely selective and unscientific, often accompanied by arguments from Ad hominem. A. T. Fomenko and G. V. Nosovsky have withdrawn from further polemics

                        Surely you know the "new chronology (chrenology)" better than Fomenko and Nosovsky.
                        To discuss with a person, the person must know at least something. As the saying goes, "When you argue with an id ... he probably does the same."
                        ---
                        But I'll try. Not to discuss is useless. Just get the answers. So Christ was born in 1152. And he was a Byzantine emperor. So, now we have 868 from the birth of Christ. The Turks took Constantinople in 1453 (traditional history), that is, in 201 from the Nativity of Christ (new chronology). And the Turks were already Muslims. So, in just 200 years, Islam has broken away from Christianity. And he came to Poitiers. Rapid development.
                        But that is not the question. Who crucified Christ? Jews or Romans? Maybe the Turks.
                        Where at that time was Jerusalem and Israel (according to Fomenko)? Can you indicate their location? And what was in the territory of modern Jerusalem. But all this has answers from Nosovsky. But I want you to fully show your knowledge :-)
                      14. -1
                        13 July 2020 16: 22
                        Still hurt! That's right, Christ was born in 1152. The "Turks", as you called the troops of Mehmet 2, took Constantinople in 1453. NH does not argue with this date. Moreover, this campaign coincides with the so-called. the sanitary operation of the Russian troops "to the Promised Lands", from which came the threat of epidemics, from which there was a terrible human pestilence in the more northern regions. In addition, it was by this time that the troops of the Empire received a purely military advantage - the so-called. "Damascus steel" made from additives of meteorite iron - a large meteorite (several hundred tons - I don't remember exactly) fell in the early 15th century in the vicinity of Yaroslavl. See HX works. That the "Turks" who took Constantinople were Muslims follows only in your reasoning - NH (and I!) Does not say that! Moreover, NH concludes that the city was stormed by Russian imperial troops, and Islam did not exist then ... Although, the external attributes of the army (turban, curved sabers, "crescent" on helmets and banners, etc.) to the modern man in the street seem exactly Muslim. Here I will only point out to possible debunkers that the "crescent moon with a star" is originally Christian symbolism and means (from right to left) "the star of Bethlehem" and "a picture of a solar eclipse". Is it necessary to explain this or is the idea clear?
                      15. +2
                        13 July 2020 16: 34
                        We need to explain everything.
                        These are all nonsense that the author himself refused to defend. And as before, stubborn subversions continue to assert. I said that I defeated Nosovsky and Fomenko 10-15 years ago.
                        The main problem is that not a single fact (FACT) is confirmed. Nosovsky was criticized by everyone: archaeologists, numismatists, historians, astronomers. At least take an interest in astronomy when there was a star of Bethlehem?
                        The most likely reason is

                        a new star in the constellation Orion - between 5 and 3 years BC. e. (according to Chinese and Persian sources)

                        ----
                        So. According to Nosovsky. Jesus was born in 1152 (according to the modern calendar). Jerusalem is located on the site of Istanbul. On the site of present-day Jerusalem was the Arab village of El-Quds. Jerusalem was either taken by the Crusaders, or the Christian Turks. And the Turkish sultan built the Greatest Christian Temple. And Israel itself was on the territory of modern Russia (between the Volga and the Don).
                        I think that not a single normal (NORMAL) person will even discuss these nonsense. Tell that to a Christian and you will be laughed at. Tell a Jew and you will be laughed at. They pray in vain at the Wailing Wall. Tell that to a Muslim ... Well (here the mentality) will be stoned.
                        Do not make those present.
                      16. -1
                        13 July 2020 16: 31
                        Israel was in the metropolis of the Empire, i.e. somewhere between the Oka and Volga rivers. NKh explains everything very well - you haven't touched the work of this group for a long time, or you didn't understand anything at all. Sorry for being straightforward! I understand that it is difficult with the "baggage" of a banal history to immediately take the position of HX ...
                      17. The comment was deleted.
                      18. +2
                        13 July 2020 16: 37
                        Do not try. I've told. I wrote everything that I wrote, in the hope that normal people would read it. You do not need a textbook and I explained the reason. Textbooks don’t give in a psychiatric hospital.
                        Everything that I wrote was addressed not to you. Do not bother.
                      19. -4
                        13 July 2020 16: 45
                        As always, I met very qualified objections from the "normal and not a psycho" ... The "argumentation" is familiar, and it is clear why A.T. Fomenko does not argue with you, some of the "historians" ...
            3. +1
              13 July 2020 09: 59
              Magog, your literacy is amazing!

              fair-haired (long braids) with WHEAT FACE

              And about the birth of Islam - in general, at least stand, at least fall ... You would not be dishonored ... At least on the Internet you looked, or something ...
              1. -2
                13 July 2020 10: 18
                They didn’t send to the school textbook - progress already! No wonder I try here!
                1. +1
                  13 July 2020 10: 43
                  Trying in vain. The school textbook was not sent for the simple reason that there are no school textbooks in that institution.
        2. -2
          12 July 2020 23: 48
          And paintings (frescoes) on the walls should not be. What should a tourist look at?

          On Red Square there is the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed. Go inside - you won't find "frescoes" depicting people there! But this was originally the New Jerusalem Church, then the Intercession Cathedral - a Christian temple! And how, by and large, is it different from a mosque? And tourists do not ignore it! The construction time is the second half of the 16th century, the beginning of another church schism, when Islam emerged as a more ascetic Christianity. By the way, the Cathedral of St. Sofia was originally conceived to be surrounded by four minarets! Ah-ah - it can't be, don't believe your eyes, Christian!
  4. 123
    +4
    12 July 2020 16: 07
    Greece, where Orthodoxy is enshrined in the Constitution, is openly threatening Turkey.

    Here it is, threatening. am

    Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis called Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople from Corfu, where he is on a trip and expressed his "solidarity and support" to him, the press service of the prime minister said.

    It remains to wait for an angry reaction from Ukraine.
    1. GRF
      -1
      12 July 2020 16: 17
      If this is done to please the Americans, then no one will be indignant.
      1. 123
        +5
        12 July 2020 16: 18
        If this is done to please the Americans, then no one will be indignant.

        There, in any case, no one will be indignant.
        1. GRF
          +1
          12 July 2020 16: 41
          In the Orthodox churches, someone is silently indignant, but among the secular authorities - yes, probably, other gods, all thoughts about Money ...
          1. -3
            12 July 2020 16: 49
            Already promised a massacre on religious grounds in Ukraine in connection with the Tomos and auto feces ... Where are the promised rivers of blood?)))
            1. 123
              +6
              12 July 2020 19: 11
              Already promised a massacre on religious grounds in dill in connection with the Tomos and auto-feces ... where are the promised rivers of blood?)))

              The problem "to the reserve" was taken out, not yet relevant. Pedro is retired, it is not Zelensky, in fact, to run with an "autofecal thermos". An aggravation will be needed, the second wave will go.
  5. +6
    12 July 2020 18: 37
    Erdogan became bolder when the Turkish pop Bartholomew fought off Russia!
  6. +2
    13 July 2020 02: 18
    ... the transformation of Hagia Sophia into a mosque is directed against Russia ...

    Yes, it can’t be, it's just affiliate games, almost friendly.

    ...in 1935 year Hagia Sophia received museum status and was included ...

    And in 2020 the same status, after 85 years of successful use of UNESCO's money, is "turned off".
    On the one hand, the internal affairs of a sovereign country, and on the other, another ball in the pocket of dismantling the Turkish republic. What will be next?
    It is possible, for example, to issue new recommendations and interpretations of the Montreux Convention by decree of the Turkish president, otherwise they are also outdated with 1936 years.
  7. +1
    13 July 2020 07: 59
    Quote: Bakht
    Erdogan has always been an Islamist. How much can you remind about this. True, some argue that he is a "moderate Islamist." But I have not met such. Is he building his empire? But I always knew that Turkey can never become a stronghold of Islam. There are several reasons for this. It is of a religious nature.
    And the fact that he is not an ally of Moscow is well known in the Kremlin. Temporary travel companion. And by his actions he reduces this time.
    Tourists will not go to the mosque. And this is perfectly understood by everyone in the world. Yes, and tourists will not be allowed into the mosque during prayer. Or will tourists take off their shoes at the entrance?

    He was in the three central mosques of Istanbul, once during prayer. No problem. Shoes must be removed without fail, even if there is no prayer. True, tourists are allowed to take shoes with them, I specially took a backpack. Thousands of people leave shoes at the entrance and psychologically I was not ready to leave either, although the mosque’s employees assured that it would never occur to anyone to steal.
  8. +1
    13 July 2020 08: 02
    Quote: Magog
    About Mary there is a description: fair-haired (long braids) with a wheat complexion, a slender beauty. Today she is portrayed as a dark-skinned woman in a cap on her head that her hair is not visible! Hide? Christ is an athletic man 178-180 cm in height with a long forked beard, mathematician, poet, philosopher, athlete, great humanist. According to GA Zyuganov, "the first communist on earth" ... At the end of his life, he was the Byzantine emperor, died as a result of a conspiracy of the nobility in the empire. Christ is a real historical character, whose biography can be found in the secular chronicle. As for Muslims, they can also be considered Christians (the Prophet Mohamed is no different from Christ) - the only difference is in rituals. For example, I cannot immediately, right away, distinguish an Old Believer Christian from a Muslim. In addition, Muslim mosques are decorated with the same symbols as Christian ones: "a crescent moon with a star." So what's the scandal? Once, Islam emerged from Christianity into a separate religion, as it seems to them (late 16th - early 17th century A.D.). Now the alleged "Muslim country" has seized an ancient historical monument-temple? If fewer shuffling tourists visit this monument, then maybe this masterpiece of art will be better preserved for future generations?

    This is how you have to try to find all this nonsense?
    1. +1
      13 July 2020 10: 03
      Unified literacy is rushing from all the cracks ...
  9. +3
    13 July 2020 14: 07
    As for Muslims, they are also considered Christians (the Prophet Mohamed is no different from Christ) - the only difference is in rituals. For example, I cannot immediately, right off the bat, distinguish an Old Believer Christian from a Muslim. In addition, Muslim mosques are decorated with the same symbols as Christian ones: "a crescent moon with a star." So what's the scandal? Once, Islam emerged from Christianity into a separate religion, as it seems to them (late 16th - early 17th century A.D.)

    Friends came to the opening day and whispered - jerkiness! "

    S. Mikhalkov. "The elephant-painter".

    I have one question for you, the same one that was asked to the hero of V. Shukshin's fairy tale "Until the Third Cocks": "Vanya, where did you get this bad eroticism?" I will already keep silent that Islam, according to your words, of course, allegedly came out of Christianity, and even in the 16-17 centuries AD. Horror! Quiet horror.

    My friend says, breathing a little, where did you study, Goluba - at the Central School of Art?

    A. Ivanov

    It is not a matter of rituals, otherwise all religions of the world would be twins, but in the own philosophy of any religion, including Islam.
    So, among Muslims, the basis of religion is that every step of the faithful, up to his personal life, is painted every minute. This is a bit of a daily routine in the army. This is the first. The second one. The world is in the claws of the devil until it is converted to Islam. Thirdly. Ethical standards are mobile. What was true yesterday can become untrue today. Fourth: fatalism. Everything is written in the book of fate and to go against her will is senseless and sinful. Well, encouragement for obedience. Do not sin, and 13 virgins with inquiries about this are yours, moreover, with free living space. And if you kill an infidel, then the number of ladies as an incentive prize increases to 72. The same is supposed to be lost for faith. Of course, if you take the average Muslim, then, in principle, there is nothing to worry about. He is far from extremism. Complies with general norms, goes to the mosque. But if we are talking about radical Islam, then like any radicalism - it is dangerous. By itself. Yes, even hiding behind, in its own way interpreted by the norms of religion. And the transfer of Sofia is Erdogan’s next step on the path from Ataturk’s reforms. A challenge to the whole Christian world, for which Sofia is something like the Wailing Wall for the Jews. It is impossible to imagine that the Jews converted the Temple of the Holy Sepulcher into a synagogue. This cannot be, because it can never be. But Erdogan crosses the Rubicon easily, he knows that the opponents will wipe off. And they will wipe themselves off
  10. +1
    29 July 2020 18: 24
    The temple is the business of believers and the church, which, as you know, is separated from the state. And the believers and the church are silent. This means that they are not interested in this question. Everything else is talk and chatter. Sofia was already decorated as a mosque, but it just didn't work.

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